महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-7, verse-17

एवमुक्तस्तु विदुरो धीमान्स्वजनवत्सलः ।
युधिष्ठिरस्यानुमते पुनरायाद्गजाह्वयम् ॥१७॥

17. evamuktastu viduro dhīmānsvajanavatsalaḥ ,
yudhiṣṭhirasyānumate punarāyādgajāhvayam.

17. evam uktaḥ tu viduraḥ dhīmān svajanavatsalaḥ
| yudhiṣṭhirasya anumate punaḥ āyāt gajāhvayam

17. Thus addressed, the wise Vidura, who was affectionate towards his kinsmen, with the permission of Yudhiṣṭhira, returned to Hastināpura.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - (thus) addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

• तु (tu) - (introduces the consequence) (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura (Vidura (proper name))

• धीमान् (dhīmān) - the wise (Vidura) (wise, intelligent, sagacious)

• स्वजनवत्सलः (svajanavatsalaḥ) - affectionate towards his kinsmen (affectionate towards his own people/kinsmen)

• युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira

• अनुमते (anumate) - with the permission (of Yudhiṣṭhira) (with permission, by consent, by approval)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back (again, back, further)

• आयात् (āyāt) - he returned (he came, he returned)

• गजाह्वयम् (gajāhvayam) - to Hastināpura (to Hastināpura, to the city called by elephant)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - (thus) addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told, addressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -ta (often with irregular stem change)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Vidura.

तु (tu) - (introduces the consequence) (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura (Vidura (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's half-brother, known for wisdom)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

धीमान् (dhīmān) - the wise (Vidura) (wise, intelligent, sagacious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - wise, intelligent, sagacious

Possessive suffix -mat

Note: Qualifies Vidura.

स्वजनवत्सलः (svajanavatsalaḥ) - affectionate towards his kinsmen (affectionate towards his own people/kinsmen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svajanavatsala

svajanavatsala - affectionate towards one's own people/kinsmen

Compound type : tatpurusha (svajana+vatsala)

• svajana – one's own people, kinsmen, relatives
  noun (masculine)
• vatsala – affectionate, fond, loving
  adjective

Note: Qualifies Vidura.

युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest of the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Qualifies 'anumate'.

अनुमते (anumate) - with the permission (of Yudhiṣṭhira) (with permission, by consent, by approval)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of anumati

anumati - permission, consent, approval, sanction

Derived from root man with prefix anu

Root man (4th class) with upasarga anu

Prefix: anu

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Used adverbially here to mean 'with permission'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back (again, back, further)

(indeclinable)

आयात् (āyāt) - he returned (he came, he returned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of yā

Imperfect Tense

Root yā (2nd class) with upasarga ā, in imperfect active 3rd person singular

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

गजाह्वयम् (gajāhvayam) - to Hastināpura (to Hastināpura, to the city called by elephant)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gajāhvaya

gajāhvaya - name of Hastināpura (literally, 'called by elephant')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gaja+āhvaya)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• āhvaya – name, appellation, called
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root hve/hvā with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hve (class 1)

Note: Indicates destination.