महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-7, verse-16

सोऽनुमान्य नरश्रेष्ठान्पाण्डवान्कुरुनन्दनान् ।
नियोगाद्राजसिंहस्य गन्तुमर्हसि मानद ॥१६॥

16. so'numānya naraśreṣṭhānpāṇḍavānkurunandanān ,
niyogādrājasiṁhasya gantumarhasi mānada.

16. saḥ anumānya naraśreṣṭhān pāṇḍavān kurunandanān
| niyogāt rājasiṃhasya gantum arhasi mānada

16. Having obtained permission from those foremost among men, the Pāṇḍavas, O joy of the Kurus, you, O giver of honor, should go at the command of the lion among kings (Dhṛtarāṣṭra).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - (you, Sañjaya, implicitly the subject of the clause 'having obtained permission') (he, that)

• अनुमान्य (anumānya) - having obtained permission (from them) (having permitted, having obtained permission, having shown respect)

• नरश्रेष्ठान् (naraśreṣṭhān) - those best among men (best among men, chief of men)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu))

• कुरुनन्दनान् (kurunandanān) - the delights of the Kurus (referring to the Pāṇḍavas) (joys of the Kurus, delight of the Kurus)

• नियोगात् (niyogāt) - at the command (from the command, by the order, by the appointment)

• राजसिंहस्य (rājasiṁhasya) - of the lion among kings (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of the lion among kings, of the best king)

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go (to go, for going)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you (Sañjaya) should (you ought, you should, you deserve)

• मानद (mānada) - O giver of honor (addressed to Sañjaya) (O giver of honor, O honorable one)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - (you, Sañjaya, implicitly the subject of the clause 'having obtained permission') (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अनुमान्य (anumānya) - having obtained permission (from them) (having permitted, having obtained permission, having shown respect)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root mā (3rd class) with upasarga anu, with suffix -ya (after a prefix)

Prefix: anu

Root: mā (class 3)

Note: The meaning 'having obtained permission' best fits the context.

नरश्रेष्ठान् (naraśreṣṭhān) - those best among men (best among men, chief of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best among men, chief of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective

Note: Object of 'anumānya'.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Derived from Pāṇḍu with suffix -a

Note: Appositive to 'naraśreṣṭhān'.

कुरुनन्दनान् (kurunandanān) - the delights of the Kurus (referring to the Pāṇḍavas) (joys of the Kurus, delight of the Kurus)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kurunandana

kurunandana - joy/delight of the Kurus, a Kuru prince

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+nandana)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king and his dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – rejoicing, delighting, son, offspring
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root nand 'to rejoice'
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Appositive to 'pāṇḍavān'.

नियोगात् (niyogāt) - at the command (from the command, by the order, by the appointment)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of niyoga

niyoga - command, order, appointment, injunction

Derived from root yuj with prefix ni

Root yuj (7th class) with upasarga ni

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

राजसिंहस्य (rājasiṁhasya) - of the lion among kings (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of the lion among kings, of the best king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājasiṃha

rājasiṁha - lion among kings, excellent king

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+siṃha)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• siṃha – lion, chief, eminent person
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'niyogāt'.

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go (to go, for going)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from root gam with suffix -tum

Root: gam (class 1)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you (Sañjaya) should (you ought, you should, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of arh

Present Tense

Root arh (1st class) in present active 2nd person singular

Root: arh (class 1)

मानद (mānada) - O giver of honor (addressed to Sañjaya) (O giver of honor, O honorable one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mānada

mānada - giver of honor, bestowing respect

Compound type : tatpurusha (māna+da)

• māna – honor, respect, pride
  noun (masculine)
• da – giving, bestowing (as suffix)
  adjective
  Derived from root dā 'to give'
  Root: dā (class 3)