महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-252, verse-5

नागं प्रभिन्नं गिरिकूटकल्पमुपत्यकां हैमवतीं चरन्तम् ।
दण्डीव यूथादपसेधसे त्वं यो जेतुमाशंससि धर्मराजम् ॥५॥

5. nāgaṁ prabhinnaṁ girikūṭakalpa;mupatyakāṁ haimavatīṁ carantam ,
daṇḍīva yūthādapasedhase tvaṁ; yo jetumāśaṁsasi dharmarājam.

5. nāgam prabhinnam girikūṭakalpam
upatyakām haimavatīm carantam
| daṇḍī iva yūthāt apasedhase
tvam yaḥ jetum āśaṃsasi dharmarājam

5. You, who aspire to conquer Dharmarāja (Dharmarāja), attempt to drive away an elephant in rut, as massive as a mountain peak, roaming the Himalayan foothills, just as a mahout drives it from its herd with a stick.

Words meanings summery:

• नागम् (nāgam) - elephant (elephant, snake, mountain)

• प्रभिन्नम् (prabhinnam) - in rut (of an elephant) (separated, broken, split, in rut (of an elephant), distinct)

• गिरिकूटकल्पम् (girikūṭakalpam) - resembling a mountain peak

• उपत्यकाम् (upatyakām) - foothills (valley, foothills, land at the foot of a mountain)

• हैमवतीम् (haimavatīm) - Himalayan (belonging to Himalaya, Himalayan, snowy)

• चरन्तम् (carantam) - roaming (roaming, moving, grazing)

• दण्डी (daṇḍī) - one who carries a stick (like a mahout) (one who carries a stick, staff-bearer, ascetic)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• यूथात् (yūthāt) - from the herd (from the herd, from the group)

• अपसेधसे (apasedhase) - you drive away (you drive away, you repel)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• यः (yaḥ) - you who (who, which, he who)

• जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer (to conquer, to win)

• आशंससि (āśaṁsasi) - you desire, you aspire (you wish, you desire, you hope)

• धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - Yudhisthira (the king of righteousness) (king of righteousness, Yama, Yudhisthira)

Words meanings and morphology

नागम् (nāgam) - elephant (elephant, snake, mountain)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - elephant, snake, mountain, Nāga (a serpent deity)

प्रभिन्नम् (prabhinnam) - in rut (of an elephant) (separated, broken, split, in rut (of an elephant), distinct)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prabhinna

prabhinna - broken, split, pierced, distinguished, in rut (elephant)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √bhid (to break) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: bhid (class 7)

गिरिकूटकल्पम् (girikūṭakalpam) - resembling a mountain peak

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of girikūṭakalpa

girikūṭakalpa - resembling a mountain peak

Compound type : bahuvrihi (giri+kūṭa+kalpa)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• kūṭa – peak, summit, horn, heap
  noun (masculine)
• kalpa – like, resembling, almost
  adjective

उपत्यकाम् (upatyakām) - foothills (valley, foothills, land at the foot of a mountain)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of upatyakā

upatyakā - valley, land at the foot of a mountain, foothills

हैमवतीम् (haimavatīm) - Himalayan (belonging to Himalaya, Himalayan, snowy)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of haimavatī

haimavatī - Himalayan, snowy, related to Himavat (the Himalayas)

Feminine form of Haimavat

चरन्तम् (carantam) - roaming (roaming, moving, grazing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of carat

carat - moving, roaming, grazing, going

Present Active Participle

Derived from √car (to move, roam)

Root: car (class 1)

दण्डी (daṇḍī) - one who carries a stick (like a mahout) (one who carries a stick, staff-bearer, ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍin

daṇḍin - staff-bearer, one who carries a stick, ascetic, mahout

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

यूथात् (yūthāt) - from the herd (from the herd, from the group)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of yūtha

yūtha - herd, flock, troop, multitude

अपसेधसे (apasedhase) - you drive away (you drive away, you repel)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of apasedh

Root √sidh (to go, repel) with prefix apa-

Prefix: apa

Root: sidh (class 1)

Note: Ātmanepada form (middle voice).

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

यः (yaḥ) - you who (who, which, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yat

yat - who, which, what, he who

Note: Refers to tvam.

जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer (to conquer, to win)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of √ji (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

आशंससि (āśaṁsasi) - you desire, you aspire (you wish, you desire, you hope)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of āśaṃs

Root √śaṃs (to praise, declare) with prefix ā- (here, suggesting desire)

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Parasmaipada form.

धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - Yudhisthira (the king of righteousness) (king of righteousness, Yama, Yudhisthira)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness (dharma), Yama (god of death), Yudhisthira

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – righteousness, law, duty, intrinsic nature (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)