महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-252, verse-18

गाण्डीवमुक्तांश्च महाशरौघान्पतंगसंघानिव शीघ्रवेगान् ।
सशङ्खघोषः सतलत्रघोषो गाण्डीवधन्वा मुहुरुद्वमंश्च ।
यदा शरानर्पयिता तवोरसि तदा मनस्ते किमिवाभविष्यत् ॥१८॥

18. gāṇḍīvamuktāṁśca mahāśaraughā;npataṁgasaṁghāniva śīghravegān ,
saśaṅkhaghoṣaḥ satalatraghoṣo; gāṇḍīvadhanvā muhurudvamaṁśca ,
yadā śarānarpayitā tavorasi; tadā manaste kimivābhaviṣyat.

18. gāṇḍīvamuktān ca mahāśaraughān pataṃgasaṃghān
iva śīghravegān saśaṅkhaghoṣaḥ satalatraghoṣaḥ
gāṇḍīvadhanvā muhuḥ udvamam ca yadā śarān
arpayitā tava urasi tadā manas te kim iva abhaviṣyat

18. When Arjuna, whose Gāṇḍīva bow creates the roar of conch shells and palm-strikes, repeatedly unleashes torrents of great arrows—arrows released from the Gāṇḍīva, swift like flocks of birds—and places them in your chest, what then will happen to your mind?

Words meanings summery:

• गाण्डीवमुक्तान् (gāṇḍīvamuktān) - released from the Gāṇḍīva (bow), discharged by the Gāṇḍīva

• च (ca) - and, also

• महाशरौघान् (mahāśaraughān) - great torrents of arrows, great multitudes of arrows

• पतंगसंघान् (pataṁgasaṁghān) - flocks of birds, multitudes of birds

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• शीघ्रवेगान् (śīghravegān) - swift-moving, fast-moving

• सशङ्खघोषः (saśaṅkhaghoṣaḥ) - accompanied by the sound of conches, with conch-roar

• सतलत्रघोषः (satalatraghoṣaḥ) - accompanied by the sound of hand-guards/palm-strikes

• गाण्डीवधन्वा (gāṇḍīvadhanvā) - Arjuna (as the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva) (holder of the Gāṇḍīva bow, Arjuna)

• मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, again and again, frequently

• उद्वमम् (udvamam) - emitting, discharging, vomiting forth

• च (ca) - and, also

• यदा (yadā) - when, at what time

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• अर्पयिता (arpayitā) - will place, will discharge, will send

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• उरसि (urasi) - in the chest, on the breast

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• मनस् (manas) - mind, intellect, heart

• ते (te) - your, of you

• किम् (kim) - what, how

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अभविष्यत् (abhaviṣyat) - would be, would have become

Words meanings and morphology

गाण्डीवमुक्तान् (gāṇḍīvamuktān) - released from the Gāṇḍīva (bow), discharged by the Gāṇḍīva

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gāṇḍīvamukta

gāṇḍīvamukta - released from the Gāṇḍīva bow

Past Passive Participle

Compound of gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow) and mukta (released). Expresses that which is released from the Gāṇḍīva.

Compound type : Ablative Tatpurusha (gāṇḍīva+mukta)

• gāṇḍīva – Arjuna's bow
  proper noun (neuter)
• mukta – released, discharged, freed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √muc (to release, free)
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'mahāśaraughān'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

महाशरौघान् (mahāśaraughān) - great torrents of arrows, great multitudes of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāśaraugha

mahāśaraugha - great torrents of arrows, immense multitudes of arrows

Compound of mahā (great), śara (arrow), and ogha (torrent, multitude).

Compound type : Karmahāra Tatpurusha (mahā+śara+ogha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of mahat (great), used as the first member of a compound.
• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  From √śṛ (to crush, injure), or √śrā (to melt).
  Root: śṛ (class 9)
• ogha – flood, torrent, multitude, mass
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'udvamam' (emitting).

पतंगसंघान् (pataṁgasaṁghān) - flocks of birds, multitudes of birds

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pataṃgasaṃgha

pataṁgasaṁgha - flocks of birds, multitude of flying creatures

Compound of pataṃga (bird, flying creature) and saṃgha (multitude, flock).

Compound type : Ṣaṣṭhī Tatpurusha (pataṃga+saṃgha)

• pataṃga – bird, flying insect, moth
  noun (masculine)
  From √pat (to fly, fall).
  Root: pat (class 1)
• saṃgha – multitude, collection, flock, assembly
  noun (masculine)
  From √han (to strike, kill) with prefix sam- (together).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in comparison with arrows.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

शीघ्रवेगान् (śīghravegān) - swift-moving, fast-moving

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śīghravega

śīghravega - swift-moving, of quick speed

Bahuvrīhi compound: śīghraḥ vegaḥ yeṣām te (those whose speed is quick).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (śīghra+vega)

• śīghra – swift, quick, fast
  adjective (masculine)
• vega – speed, velocity, force
  noun (masculine)
  From √vij (to move quickly, vibrate).
  Root: vij (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'mahāśaraughān'.

सशङ्खघोषः (saśaṅkhaghoṣaḥ) - accompanied by the sound of conches, with conch-roar

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saśaṅkhaghoṣa

saśaṅkhaghoṣa - accompanied by the sound of conches

Bahuvrīhi compound with sa- (with) prefix. Expresses having the sound of a conch.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+śaṅkha+ghoṣa)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'with'.
• śaṅkha – conch, conch shell (used as a trumpet)
  noun (masculine)
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  From √ghuṣ (to sound).
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'gāṇḍīvadhanvā'.

सतलत्रघोषः (satalatraghoṣaḥ) - accompanied by the sound of hand-guards/palm-strikes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satalatraghoṣa

satalatraghoṣa - accompanied by the sound of the bowstring striking the talatra (archer's wrist-guard)

Bahuvrīhi compound with sa- (with) prefix. Expresses having the sound of a talatra.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+talatra+ghoṣa)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'with'.
• talatra – bowstring-guard, arm-guard, glove (for archers)
  noun (neuter)
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  From √ghuṣ (to sound).
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'gāṇḍīvadhanvā'.

गाण्डीवधन्वा (gāṇḍīvadhanvā) - Arjuna (as the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva) (holder of the Gāṇḍīva bow, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gāṇḍīvadhanvan

gāṇḍīvadhanvan - one who possesses the Gāṇḍīva bow, an epithet for Arjuna

Bahuvrīhi compound: gāṇḍīvaṃ dhanuḥ yasya saḥ (one whose bow is Gāṇḍīva).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (gāṇḍīva+dhanvan)

• gāṇḍīva – Arjuna's bow
  proper noun (neuter)
• dhanvan – bow, archer
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'udvamam' and 'arpayitā'.

मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, again and again, frequently

(indeclinable)

Adverb of repetition.

Note: Modifies 'udvamam'.

उद्वमम् (udvamam) - emitting, discharging, vomiting forth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udvamant

udvamant - emitting, discharging, vomiting forth

Present Active Participle

From √vam (to vomit, emit) with prefix ud-.

Prefix: ud

Root: vam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'gāṇḍīvadhanvā'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

यदा (yadā) - when, at what time

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb. Introduces a subordinate clause.

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed, water

From √śṛ (to crush, injure).

Root: śṛ (class 9)

Note: Object of 'arpayitā'.

अर्पयिता (arpayitā) - will place, will discharge, will send

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arpayitṛ

arpayitṛ - one who will place, one who will cause to go, discharger

Future Agent Noun (periphrastic future)

From the causal stem of √ṛ (to go), i.e., arpayati (to cause to go, to place, to send). Functions as a future verb form.

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'gāṇḍīvadhanvā'.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Genitive singular form of 'yuṣmad'.

Note: Possessive, modifying 'urasi'.

उरसि (urasi) - in the chest, on the breast

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uras

uras - chest, breast, heart

Locative singular form of 'uras' (neuter).

Note: Indicates location.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb. Introduces the main clause, correlative to 'yadā'.

मनस् (manas) - mind, intellect, heart

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, spirit

From √man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'abhaviṣyat'.

ते (te) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Enclitic genitive/dative singular form of 'yuṣmad'.

Note: Possessive, modifying 'manas'.

किम् (kim) - what, how

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, how

Interrogative pronoun/adverb.

Note: Part of the rhetorical question.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison or rhetorical emphasis.

अभविष्यत् (abhaviṣyat) - would be, would have become

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, conditional (lṛṅ) of bhū

Conditional (Imperfect of Future), 3rd person singular

From √bhū (to be). Indicates a hypothetical or conditional past action/state.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the conditional clause.