महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-234, verse-22

स गदां बहुधा दृष्ट्वा कृत्तां बाणैस्तरस्विना ।
संवृत्य विद्ययात्मानं योधयामास पाण्डवम् ।
अस्त्राणि तस्य दिव्यानि योधयामास खे स्थितः ॥२२॥

22. sa gadāṁ bahudhā dṛṣṭvā kṛttāṁ bāṇaistarasvinā ,
saṁvṛtya vidyayātmānaṁ yodhayāmāsa pāṇḍavam ,
astrāṇi tasya divyāni yodhayāmāsa khe sthitaḥ.

22. saḥ gadām bahudhā dṛṣṭvā kṛttām bāṇaiḥ
tarasvinā saṃvṛtya vidyayā ātmānam
yodhayāmāsa pāṇḍavam astrāṇi
tasya divyāni yodhayāmāsa khe sthitaḥ

22. Having seen his mace shattered into many pieces by the arrows of the mighty Arjuna, he (Chitrasena) concealed himself with his magical knowledge (vidyā) and fought with the Pāṇḍava. Standing in the sky, he engaged him with his divine weapons.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Chitrasena (he, that one)

• गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, into many parts

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• कृत्ताम् (kṛttām) - cut, shattered, broken

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• तरस्विना (tarasvinā) - by Arjuna, the mighty one (by the mighty one, by the powerful one)

• संवृत्य (saṁvṛtya) - having covered, having concealed, having withdrawn

• विद्यया (vidyayā) - by his magical knowledge (vidyā) (by knowledge, by magical power)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself (ātman) (self, soul)

• योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - he (Chitrasena) fought (he fought, he caused to fight)

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - with Arjuna, the Pāṇḍava (with the son of Pāṇḍu)

• अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - weapons, missiles

• तस्य (tasya) - of Chitrasena (his, of him)

• दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine, celestial

• योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - he (Chitrasena) fought with them (he fought, he caused to fight)

• खे (khe) - in the sky, in the air

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - Chitrasena, who was standing in the sky (standing, situated, located)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Chitrasena (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club, an iron bar

बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, into many parts

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'bahu' (many) with the suffix '-dhā'

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from the root 'dṛś' (to see) with the suffix '-tvā'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कृत्ताम् (kṛttām) - cut, shattered, broken

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛtta

kṛtta - cut, severed, divided, shattered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'kṛt' (to cut, divide) with the suffix '-ta'

Root: kṛt (class 6)

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow, reed

तरस्विना (tarasvinā) - by Arjuna, the mighty one (by the mighty one, by the powerful one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tarasvin

tarasvin - mighty, powerful, swift, strong

Possessive suffix '-vin' added to 'taras' (might, strength)

संवृत्य (saṁvṛtya) - having covered, having concealed, having withdrawn

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from the root 'vṛ' (to cover) with the prefix 'sam-' and suffix '-ya' (l-yap)

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

विद्यया (vidyayā) - by his magical knowledge (vidyā) (by knowledge, by magical power)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science, magical art

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself (ātman) (self, soul)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - he (Chitrasena) fought (he fought, he caused to fight)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yodhayāmāsa

periphrastic perfect causative

Derived from the root 'yudh' (to fight) with the causative suffix '-āpaya' and perfect ending

Root: yudh (class 4)

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - with Arjuna, the Pāṇḍava (with the son of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu (an epithet of Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva)

अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - weapons, missiles

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of astra

astra - missile, weapon (especially one discharged by a mantra)

तस्य (tasya) - of Chitrasena (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine, celestial

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly

योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - he (Chitrasena) fought with them (he fought, he caused to fight)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yodhayāmāsa

periphrastic perfect causative

Derived from the root 'yudh' (to fight) with the causative suffix '-āpaya' and perfect ending

Root: yudh (class 4)

खे (khe) - in the sky, in the air

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, ether, air

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - Chitrasena, who was standing in the sky (standing, situated, located)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, abiding, existing

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'sthā' (to stand) with the suffix '-ta'

Root: sthā (class 1)