महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-227, verse-6

जानासि हि यथा क्षत्ता द्यूतकाल उपस्थिते ।
अब्रवीद्यच्च मां त्वां च सौबलं च वचस्तदा ॥६॥

6. jānāsi hi yathā kṣattā dyūtakāla upasthite ,
abravīdyacca māṁ tvāṁ ca saubalaṁ ca vacastadā.

6. jānāsi hi yathā kṣattā dyūtakāle upasthite
abravīt yat ca mām tvām ca saubalam ca vacaḥ tadā

6. Indeed, you know how Vidura spoke when the time of the dice game arrived, and the words he then said to me, to you, and to Saubala (Śakuni).

Words meanings summery:

• जानासि (jānāsi) - you know, you understand

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, just as

• क्षत्ता (kṣattā) - Vidura, the charioteer and prime minister in the Mahabharata (the charioteer, chamberlain)

• द्यूतकाले (dyūtakāle) - at the particular time when the dice game happened, which led to the exile (at the time of the dice game)

• उपस्थिते (upasthite) - when the dice game time arrived (having arrived, being present, when present)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• च (ca) - and

• माम् (mām) - me

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• च (ca) - and

• सौबलम् (saubalam) - Śakuni, son of Subala (Saubala)

• च (ca) - and

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

जानासि (jānāsi) - you know, you understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - how, as, just as

(indeclinable)

क्षत्ता (kṣattā) - Vidura, the charioteer and prime minister in the Mahabharata (the charioteer, chamberlain)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣattṛ

kṣattṛ - charioteer, chamberlain, doorkeeper, an official

Agent noun

From root 'kṣad' (to cut, divide) or 'kṣa' (to rule) with agent suffix 'tṛ'.

द्यूतकाले (dyūtakāle) - at the particular time when the dice game happened, which led to the exile (at the time of the dice game)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dyūtakāla

dyūtakāla - time of the dice game

Compound of 'dyūta' (dice game) and 'kāla' (time).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dyūta+kāla)

• dyūta – dice, gambling, dice game
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (nominalized)
  From root 'div' (to play, gamble) with suffix 'kta'.
  Root: div (class 4)
• kāla – time, season, proper time
  noun (masculine)

उपस्थिते (upasthite) - when the dice game time arrived (having arrived, being present, when present)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, near, arrived, ready, prepared

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'upa', and suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who (relative pronoun)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सौबलम् (saubalam) - Śakuni, son of Subala (Saubala)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - son of Subala, a descendant of Subala

A patronymic formed from 'Subala'. Refers to Śakuni.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

From root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem 'tad' with suffix 'dā'.