महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-205, verse-23

कश्चिद्राजा मम सखा धनुर्वेदपरायणः ।
संसर्गाद्धनुषि श्रेष्ठस्ततोऽहमभवं द्विज ॥२३॥

23. kaścidrājā mama sakhā dhanurvedaparāyaṇaḥ ,
saṁsargāddhanuṣi śreṣṭhastato'hamabhavaṁ dvija.

23. kaścid rājā mama sakhā dhanurvedaparāyaṇaḥ |
saṃsargāt dhanuṣi śreṣṭhaḥ tataḥ aham abhavam dvija

23. O twice-born one, a certain king, who was deeply devoted to the science of archery, was my friend. Through my association with him, I then became excellent in archery.

Words meanings summery:

• कश्चिद् (kaścid) - Refers to an unspecified king (some, a certain)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• मम (mama) - Refers to the fowler's friend (my, of me)

• सखा (sakhā) - friend, companion

• धनुर्वेदपरायणः (dhanurvedaparāyaṇaḥ) - Describes the king's proficiency (devoted to the science of archery, skilled in archery)

• संसर्गात् (saṁsargāt) - Indicates the cause of the fowler's skill in archery (from association, due to contact)

• धनुषि (dhanuṣi) - Refers to the field of skill (in archery, in the bow)

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - Refers to the fowler becoming excellent in archery (best, most excellent, superior)

• ततः (tataḥ) - Indicates sequence, 'as a result' (then, thereupon, from that)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अभवम् (abhavam) - I became

• द्विज (dvija) - Addressing the Brahmin (O twice-born (Brahmin))

Words meanings and morphology

कश्चिद् (kaścid) - Refers to an unspecified king (some, a certain)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - some, a certain (indefinite pronoun)

From kim (what) + cid (particle)

Note: Qualifies rājā

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'was'

मम (mama) - Refers to the fowler's friend (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Qualifies sakhā

सखा (sakhā) - friend, companion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion

Note: Predicate nominative with rājā

धनुर्वेदपरायणः (dhanurvedaparāyaṇaḥ) - Describes the king's proficiency (devoted to the science of archery, skilled in archery)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanurvedaparāyaṇa

dhanurvedaparāyaṇa - devoted to the science of archery

Compound: dhanurveda (science of archery) + parāyaṇa (devoted to)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanurveda+parāyaṇa)

• dhanurveda – science of archery
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: dhanus (bow) + veda (knowledge/science)
• parāyaṇa – devotion, supreme aim, deeply engaged in
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: parā

Note: Qualifies rājā

संसर्गात् (saṁsargāt) - Indicates the cause of the fowler's skill in archery (from association, due to contact)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃsarga

saṁsarga - association, contact, intercourse

From sam (with) + sṛj (to create/mix)

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Indicates cause or origin

धनुषि (dhanuṣi) - Refers to the field of skill (in archery, in the bow)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, archery

Note: Locative of skill or sphere of action

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - Refers to the fowler becoming excellent in archery (best, most excellent, superior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, highest, most excellent

Superlative of praśasya (praiseworthy)

Note: Predicate nominative with aham

ततः (tataḥ) - Indicates sequence, 'as a result' (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the cause (saṃsargāt) with the effect (abhavam)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Subject of abhavam

अभवम् (abhavam) - I became

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active

1st person singular, parasmaipada, from root bhū (1st class)

Root: bhū (class 1)

द्विज (dvija) - Addressing the Brahmin (O twice-born (Brahmin))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth)