महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-205, verse-17

राजा ययातिर्दौहित्रैः पतितस्तारितो यथा ।
सद्भिः पुरुषशार्दूल तथाहं भवता त्विह ॥१७॥

17. rājā yayātirdauhitraiḥ patitastārito yathā ,
sadbhiḥ puruṣaśārdūla tathāhaṁ bhavatā tviha.

17. rājā yayātiḥ dauhitraiḥ patitaḥ tāritaḥ yathā |
sadbhiḥ puruṣaśārdūla tathā aham bhavatā tu iha

17. O tiger among men (puruṣaśārdūla), just as King Yayāti, having fallen, was rescued by his grandsons and by noble ones, so indeed have I been rescued by you here.

Words meanings summery:

• राजा (rājā) - king

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - King Yayāti, a legendary king who fell from heaven but was redeemed by his grandsons' merit. (Yayāti (a legendary king))

• दौहित्रैः (dauhitraiḥ) - by grandsons

• पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen, degraded

• तारितः (tāritaḥ) - rescued, saved, caused to cross

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good, by noble persons

• पुरुषशार्दूल (puruṣaśārdūla) - An epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira, addressing him as the foremost among men. (O tiger among men, O best of men)

• तथा (tathā) - so, in the same way, thus

• अहम् (aham) - I

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you (honorific)

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

Words meanings and morphology

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Root: rāj

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - King Yayāti, a legendary king who fell from heaven but was redeemed by his grandsons' merit. (Yayāti (a legendary king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Yayāti (a legendary king in Hindu mythology)

दौहित्रैः (dauhitraiḥ) - by grandsons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dauhitra

dauhitra - grandson (daughter's son)

Derived from duhitṛ (daughter) with aṇ suffix.

पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen, degraded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, degraded

Past Passive Participle

From root pat (to fall) with kta suffix.

Root: pat (class 1)

तारितः (tāritaḥ) - rescued, saved, caused to cross

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tārita

tārita - rescued, saved, caused to cross

Past Passive Participle (Causative)

From root tṛ (to cross) with ṇic (causative) and kta suffix.

Root: tṛ (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good, by noble persons

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, noble, existing, real

Present Active Participle

From root as (to be) with śatṛ suffix. Used as a substantive, plural instrumental.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as a substantive, meaning 'by good people/sages'.

पुरुषशार्दूल (puruṣaśārdūla) - An epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira, addressing him as the foremost among men. (O tiger among men, O best of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣaśārdūla

puruṣaśārdūla - tiger among men, best of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+śārdūla)

• puruṣa – man, person, human being, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger, an excellent one, a chief
  noun (masculine)

तथा (tathā) - so, in the same way, thus

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I (first person pronoun)

भवता (bhavatā) - by you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, your lordship (honorific pronoun)

Present Active Participle (originally from bhū, but used as honorific pronoun)

Declined as an honorific pronoun, masculine singular instrumental.

Root: bhū (class 1)

तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)