महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-205, verse-16

पतमानो हि नरके भवतास्मि समुद्धृतः ।
भवितव्यमथैवं च यद्दृष्टोऽसि मयानघ ॥१६॥

16. patamāno hi narake bhavatāsmi samuddhṛtaḥ ,
bhavitavyamathaivaṁ ca yaddṛṣṭo'si mayānagha.

16. patamānaḥ hi narake bhavatā asmi samuddhṛtaḥ |
bhavitavyam atha evam ca yat dṛṣṭaḥ asi mayā anagha

16. Indeed, I was falling into hell, but you have rescued me. O sinless one, it must be destined that you have appeared before me in this manner.

Words meanings summery:

• पतमानः (patamānaḥ) - falling, declining

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• नरके (narake) - in hell, in a miserable state

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you (honorific)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• समुद्धृतः (samuddhṛtaḥ) - rescued, uplifted, pulled out

• भवितव्यम् (bhavitavyam) - it must be, it is to be, destined

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so

• च (ca) - and, also

• यत् (yat) - that, which, because

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, perceived

• असि (asi) - you are

• मया (mayā) - by me

• अनघ (anagha) - Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira, implying his purity. (O sinless one, blameless one)

Words meanings and morphology

पतमानः (patamānaḥ) - falling, declining

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patamāna

patamāna - falling, declining

Present Active Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall) with śānac suffix, indicating continuous action.

Root: pat (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

नरके (narake) - in hell, in a miserable state

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of naraka

naraka - hell, a place of torment

भवता (bhavatā) - by you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, your lordship (honorific pronoun)

Present Active Participle (originally from bhū, but used as honorific pronoun)

Declined as an honorific pronoun, masculine singular instrumental.

Root: bhū (class 1)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

समुद्धृतः (samuddhṛtaḥ) - rescued, uplifted, pulled out

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samuddhṛta

samuddhṛta - rescued, uplifted, pulled out

Past Passive Participle

From root dhṛ (to hold) with upasargas sam- and ud- (sam + ud + dhṛ + kta).

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective with 'asmi'.

भवितव्यम् (bhavitavyam) - it must be, it is to be, destined

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhavitavya

bhavitavya - that which is to be, future, destined

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root bhū (to be) with tavya suffix. Used impersonally here.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used impersonally as 'it must be'.

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - that, which, because

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - that which, because, since (relative pronoun/conjunction)

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, perceived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, perceived, understood

Past Passive Participle

From root dṛś (to see) with kta suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I (first person pronoun)

अनघ (anagha) - Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira, implying his purity. (O sinless one, blameless one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, blameless, pure

Formed from 'a' (negation) + 'agha' (sin, impurity).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+agha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix.
• agha – sin, evil, calamity, impurity
  noun (neuter)