महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-18, verse-8

ततः स तूर्णं निष्पत्य प्रद्युम्नः शत्रुकर्शनः ।
शाल्वमेवाभिदुद्राव विधास्यन्कलहं नृप ॥८॥

8. tataḥ sa tūrṇaṁ niṣpatya pradyumnaḥ śatrukarśanaḥ ,
śālvamevābhidudrāva vidhāsyankalahaṁ nṛpa.

8. tataḥ saḥ tūrṇam niṣpatya pradyumnaḥ śatru-karśanaḥ
śālvam eva abhidudrāva vi-dhāsyant kalaham nṛpa

8. Then, O king, Pradyumna, the tormentor of enemies, quickly sprang forth and rushed directly towards Śālva, intent on initiating a fight.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, therefore

• सः (saḥ) - he

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• निष्पत्य (niṣpatya) - having rushed out, having sprung forth

• प्रद्युम्नः (pradyumnaḥ) - Pradyumna (son of Kṛṣṇa)

• शत्रु-कर्शनः (śatru-karśanaḥ) - tormentor of enemies, subduer of foes

• शाल्वम् (śālvam) - to Śālva

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - rushed towards, attacked

• वि-धास्यन्त् (vi-dhāsyant) - intending to cause/make, about to create

• कलहम् (kalaham) - a quarrel, a fight

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, therefore

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter singular of tūrṇa (past passive participle of tvar 'to hasten')

Root: tvar (class 1)

निष्पत्य (niṣpatya) - having rushed out, having sprung forth

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive of root pat (to fall, fly) with prefix nis

Prefix: nis

Root: pat (class 1)

प्रद्युम्नः (pradyumnaḥ) - Pradyumna (son of Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradyumna

pradyumna - Pradyumna (name of Kāma, also the son of Kṛṣṇa)

शत्रु-कर्शनः (śatru-karśanaḥ) - tormentor of enemies, subduer of foes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrukarśana

śatrukarśana - oppressor of enemies, tormentor of foes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+karśana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• karśana – emaciating, tormenting, subduing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from causative of root kṛś (to be thin)
  Root: kṛś (class 1)

शाल्वम् (śālvam) - to Śālva

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śālva

śālva - Śālva (name of a king)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - rushed towards, attacked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of abhidrā

Perfect tense

Perfect 3rd singular active of root drā (to run) with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: drā (class 2)

वि-धास्यन्त् (vi-dhāsyant) - intending to cause/make, about to create

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhāsyant

vidhāsyant - about to arrange, about to create, intending to cause

Future Active Participle

Future active participle of root dhā (to place, make) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

कलहम् (kalaham) - a quarrel, a fight

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kalaha

kalaha - quarrel, dispute, fight, strife

नृप (nṛpa) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men