महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-18, verse-13

स तं रथवरं श्रीमान्समारुह्य किल प्रभो ।
मुमोच बाणान्कौरव्य प्रद्युम्नाय महाबलः ॥१३॥

13. sa taṁ rathavaraṁ śrīmānsamāruhya kila prabho ,
mumoca bāṇānkauravya pradyumnāya mahābalaḥ.

13. saḥ tam rathavaram śrīmān samāruhya kila prabho
mumoca bāṇān kauravya pradyumnāya mahābalaḥ

13. O lord, O scion of Kuru, that glorious and mighty hero, having mounted that excellent chariot, indeed shot arrows at Pradyumna.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - referring to Śālva (he, that)

• तम् (tam) - referring to the chariot (ratha) (that)

• रथवरम् (rathavaram) - excellent chariot, best of chariots

• श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - The glorious one (referring to Salva) (glorious, splendid, prosperous, fortunate)

• समारुह्य (samāruhya) - having mounted, having ascended

• किल (kila) - indeed, surely, as it were, it is said

• प्रभो (prabho) - A vocative address to the listener/narratee. (O lord, O master)

• मुमोच (mumoca) - he released, he shot, he let go

• बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - A vocative address to the listener/narratee, often Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Janamejaya. (O scion of Kuru, O descendant of Kuru)

• प्रद्युम्नाय (pradyumnāya) - to Pradyumna, for Pradyumna

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - The mighty one (referring to Salva) (mighty, greatly powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - referring to Śālva (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

तम् (tam) - referring to the chariot (ratha) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Agrees with 'rathavaram'.

रथवरम् (rathavaram) - excellent chariot, best of chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathavara

rathavara - excellent chariot

'ratha' (chariot) + 'vara' (excellent, best)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ratha+vara)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram
• vara – best, excellent, choice, boon
  adjective
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Object of 'samāruhya'.

श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - The glorious one (referring to Salva) (glorious, splendid, prosperous, fortunate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīmat

śrīmat - glorious, splendid, prosperous, beautiful

From 'śrī' (glory, prosperity) + possessive suffix '-mat'

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' and 'mahābalaḥ'.

समारुह्य (samāruhya) - having mounted, having ascended

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

From root √ruh (to ascend) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb 'mumoca'.

किल (kila) - indeed, surely, as it were, it is said

(indeclinable)

Particle

Note: Used to express emphasis or soften a statement, sometimes indicating hearsay.

प्रभो (prabho) - A vocative address to the listener/narratee. (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, mighty, powerful

'pra' (forth) + 'bhū' (to be)

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

मुमोच (mumoca) - he released, he shot, he let go

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of muc

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect form

Root: muc (class 6)

बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Object of 'mumoca'.

कौरव्य (kauravya) - A vocative address to the listener/narratee, often Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Janamejaya. (O scion of Kuru, O descendant of Kuru)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru, scion of Kuru

from 'kuru' with 'ya' suffix

Note: Refers to the listener of the narration.

प्रद्युम्नाय (pradyumnāya) - to Pradyumna, for Pradyumna

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of pradyumna

pradyumna - name of Krishna's son

Note: Indicates the target of the action.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - The mighty one (referring to Salva) (mighty, greatly powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - very strong, powerful, mighty

'mahā' (great) + 'bala' (strength)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  root 'mah' with suffix 'ā'
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' and 'śrīmān'.