महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-18, verse-10

स रोषमदमत्तो वै कामगादवरुह्य च ।
प्रद्युम्नं योधयामास शाल्वः परपुरंजयः ॥१०॥

10. sa roṣamadamatto vai kāmagādavaruhya ca ,
pradyumnaṁ yodhayāmāsa śālvaḥ parapuraṁjayaḥ.

10. saḥ roṣa-mada-mattaḥ vai kāmagāt avaruhya ca
pradyumnam yodhayāmāsa śālvaḥ parapurañjayaḥ

10. Indeed, Śālva, the conqueror of enemy cities, intoxicated with fury, descended from his aerial car (which moved at will) and then engaged Pradyumna in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he

• रोष-मद-मत्तः (roṣa-mada-mattaḥ) - intoxicated with the madness of rage, maddened by fury

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely (an emphatic particle)

• कामगात् (kāmagāt) - from the desired-vehicle, from the aerial car moving at will

• अवरुह्य (avaruhya) - having descended, having dismounted

• च (ca) - and

• प्रद्युम्नम् (pradyumnam) - Pradyumna (accusative)

• योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - engaged in battle, fought

• शाल्वः (śālvaḥ) - Śālva

• परपुरञ्जयः (parapurañjayaḥ) - conqueror of enemy cities

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रोष-मद-मत्तः (roṣa-mada-mattaḥ) - intoxicated with the madness of rage, maddened by fury

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of roṣamadamatta

roṣamadamatta - one maddened by the intoxication of rage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (roṣa+mada+matta)

• roṣa – anger, fury, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ruṣ (class 1)
• mada – intoxication, passion, madness, arrogance
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mad (class 4)
• matta – maddened, intoxicated, drunk, furious
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root mad (to be mad, intoxicated)
  Root: mad (class 4)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely (an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

कामगात् (kāmagāt) - from the desired-vehicle, from the aerial car moving at will

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāmaga

kāmaga - moving at will, going wherever one pleases, a vehicle moving at will (like an aerial car)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+ga)

• kāma – desire, wish, longing
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• ga – going, moving, a goer
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root gam (to go) with suffix a
  Root: gam (class 1)

अवरुह्य (avaruhya) - having descended, having dismounted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive of root ruh (to ascend, grow) with prefix ava (down)

Prefix: ava

Root: ruh (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

प्रद्युम्नम् (pradyumnam) - Pradyumna (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pradyumna

pradyumna - Pradyumna (proper name, son of Kṛṣṇa)

योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - engaged in battle, fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of yodhayāṃcakre

Periphrastic Perfect

Periphrastic perfect 3rd singular active of the causative verb yodhayati (from root yudh)

Root: yudh (class 4)

शाल्वः (śālvaḥ) - Śālva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śālva

śālva - Śālva (name of a king)

परपुरञ्जयः (parapurañjayaḥ) - conqueror of enemy cities

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parapurañjaya

parapurañjaya - conqueror of hostile cities

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+pura+jaya)

• para – other, hostile, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• pura – city, fortress, town
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, triumph, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)