महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-167, verse-2

आच्छिद्य रथपन्थानमुत्क्रोशन्तो महारथाः ।
आवृत्य सर्वतस्ते मां शरवर्षैरवाकिरन् ॥२॥

2. ācchidya rathapanthānamutkrośanto mahārathāḥ ,
āvṛtya sarvataste māṁ śaravarṣairavākiran.

2. ācchidya rathapanthānam utkrośantaḥ mahārathāḥ
āvṛtya sarvataḥ te mām śaravarṣaiḥ avākiran

2. Those great warriors, having blocked the path of my chariot and shouting loudly, surrounded me from all sides and showered me with torrents of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• आच्छिद्य (ācchidya) - having blocked (having cut off, having blocked, having separated)

• रथपन्थानम् (rathapanthānam) - the path of the chariot (the path of the chariot, the road for chariots)

• उत्क्रोशन्तः (utkrośantaḥ) - shouting loudly (shouting loudly, roaring, crying out)

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors (great warriors, great charioteers)

• आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having surrounded (having surrounded, having encompassed, having covered)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides (from all sides, everywhere, completely)

• ते (te) - they (referring to the great warriors) (they, those (masculine plural nominative))

• माम् (mām) - me

• शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with torrents of arrows (with showers of arrows, with torrents of arrows)

• अवाकिरन् (avākiran) - they showered (they showered, they scattered, they covered)

Words meanings and morphology

आच्छिद्य (ācchidya) - having blocked (having cut off, having blocked, having separated)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root 'chid' (7th class) with prefix 'ā'; ending '-ya' for absolutive with prefix

Prefix: ā

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Acts as an adverbial participle.

रथपन्थानम् (rathapanthānam) - the path of the chariot (the path of the chariot, the road for chariots)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathapanthān

rathapanthān - chariot path

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+panthān)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• panthān – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)

उत्क्रोशन्तः (utkrośantaḥ) - shouting loudly (shouting loudly, roaring, crying out)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of utkrośat

utkrośat - shouting, crying out, roaring

Present Active Participle

from root 'kruś' (1st class) with prefix 'ut'

Prefix: ut

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mahārathāḥ'.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors (great warriors, great charioteers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, great charioteer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (by extension)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having surrounded (having surrounded, having encompassed, having covered)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root 'vṛt' (1st class) with prefix 'ā'; ending '-ya' for absolutive with prefix

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adverbial participle.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides (from all sides, everywhere, completely)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they (referring to the great warriors) (they, those (masculine plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to 'mahārathāḥ'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with torrents of arrows (with showers of arrows, with torrents of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ (class 1)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Used as the instrument of showering.

अवाकिरन् (avākiran) - they showered (they showered, they scattered, they covered)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect Active

from root 'kṛ' (6th class) with prefix 'ava'; imperfect tense, 3rd person plural

Prefix: ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)