महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-167, verse-16

स्पर्धमाना इवास्माभिर्निवातकवचा रणे ।
शरवर्षैर्महद्भिर्मां समन्तात्प्रत्यवारयन् ॥१६॥

16. spardhamānā ivāsmābhirnivātakavacā raṇe ,
śaravarṣairmahadbhirmāṁ samantātpratyavārayan.

16. spardhamānāḥ iva asmābhiḥ nivātakavacāḥ raṇe
śaravarṣaiḥ mahadbhiḥ mām samantāt pratyavārayan

16. As if challenging us, the Nivātakavacas, in battle, surrounded me from all sides with mighty showers of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• स्पर्धमानाः (spardhamānāḥ) - competing, challenging, vying

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us, with us

• निवातकवचाः (nivātakavacāḥ) - the Nivātakavacas (a class of demons)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with showers of arrows

• महद्भिः (mahadbhiḥ) - with great, with mighty

• माम् (mām) - me

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around

• प्रत्यवारयन् (pratyavārayan) - they obstructed, they surrounded, they warded off

Words meanings and morphology

स्पर्धमानाः (spardhamānāḥ) - competing, challenging, vying

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of spardhamāna

spardhamāna - competing, emulating, challenging, striving

Present Middle Participle

Present middle participle of root √spardh (to vie, compete, challenge).

Root: spardh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nivātakavacāḥ'.

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us, with us

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

निवातकवचाः (nivātakavacāḥ) - the Nivātakavacas (a class of demons)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nivātakavaca

nivātakavaca - the Nivātakavacas (a powerful class of demons, literally 'those whose armor is impervious to wind')

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nivāta+kavaca)

• nivāta – windless, calm, sheltered from wind
  adjective
• kavaca – armor, breastplate, mail
  noun (masculine)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, conflict, war

शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with showers of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows

Tatpuruṣa compound meaning 'a shower of arrows'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower, deluge
  noun (neuter)
  From root √vṛṣ (to rain).
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

महद्भिः (mahadbhiḥ) - with great, with mighty

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large, exalted

Note: Agrees with 'śaravarṣaiḥ'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around

(indeclinable)

प्रत्यवारयन् (pratyavārayan) - they obstructed, they surrounded, they warded off

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pratyavavṛ

Prefixes: prati+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: From root √vṛ with upasargas 'prati-' and 'ava-'. Augment 'a' for imperfect tense.