महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-167, verse-12

ततोऽहं मातलेर्वीर्यमपश्यं परमाद्भुतम् ।
अश्वांस्तथा वेगवतो यदयत्नादधारयत् ॥१२॥

12. tato'haṁ mātalervīryamapaśyaṁ paramādbhutam ,
aśvāṁstathā vegavato yadayatnādadhārayat.

12. tataḥ aham mātaleḥ vīryam apaśyam paramādbhutam
aśvān tathā vegavataḥ yat ayatnāt adhārayat

12. Then I saw Matali's supremely amazing prowess, in that he effortlessly controlled the swift horses.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• अहम् (aham) - I

• मातलेः (mātaleḥ) - of Matali

• वीर्यम् (vīryam) - valor, prowess, strength

• अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw, I beheld

• परमाद्भुतम् (paramādbhutam) - supremely wonderful, exceedingly amazing

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

• तथा (tathā) - and, likewise

• वेगवतः (vegavataḥ) - swift, speedy

• यत् (yat) - in that (he did this) (that which, because)

• अयत्नात् (ayatnāt) - effortlessly, without effort

• अधारयत् (adhārayat) - he held, he supported, he controlled

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad with suffix -tas

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Subject of 'apaśyam'.

मातलेः (mātaleḥ) - of Matali

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mātali

mātali - Matali (charioteer of Indra)

Note: Possessive, "Matali's".

वीर्यम् (vīryam) - valor, prowess, strength

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - valor, heroism, prowess, strength

Derived from vīra (hero)

Note: Object of 'apaśyam'.

अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw, I beheld

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect, Active Voice, 1st Person Singular

Root dṛś takes 'paśya' stem in present/imperfect. Augment 'a' for imperfect.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

परमाद्भुतम् (paramādbhutam) - supremely wonderful, exceedingly amazing

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paramādbhuta

paramādbhuta - supremely wonderful, exceedingly amazing

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parama+adbhuta)

• parama – supreme, highest, greatest
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of para
• adbhuta – wonderful, amazing, marvelous
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'vīryam'.

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Object of 'adhārayat'.

तथा (tathā) - and, likewise

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'aśvān' with 'vegavataḥ' or acts as 'and'.

वेगवतः (vegavataḥ) - swift, speedy

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vegavat

vegavat - swift, speedy, rapid (having vega)

Possessive suffix -vat

Note: Agrees with 'aśvān'.

यत् (yat) - in that (he did this) (that which, because)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - that which, who, what, because

Note: Acts as a conjunction here, introducing the reason for Matali's prowess.

अयत्नात् (ayatnāt) - effortlessly, without effort

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'yatna' (effort). Ablative case used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+yatna)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• yatna – effort, exertion, endeavor
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root yat (to strive)
  Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Adverbial use of ablative singular.

अधारयत् (adhārayat) - he held, he supported, he controlled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhṛ

Imperfect, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular (Causative stem)

Causative stem 'dhāray' from root 'dhṛ'. Augment 'a' for imperfect.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'mātali' (implied).