महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-167, verse-12

ततोऽहं मातलेर्वीर्यमपश्यं परमाद्भुतम् ।
अश्वांस्तथा वेगवतो यदयत्नादधारयत् ॥१२॥

12. tato'haṁ mātalervīryamapaśyaṁ paramādbhutam ,
aśvāṁstathā vegavato yadayatnādadhārayat.

12. tataḥ aham mātaleḥ vīryam apaśyam paramādbhutam
aśvān tathā vegavataḥ yat ayatnāt adhārayat

12. Then I saw Matali's supremely amazing prowess, in that he effortlessly controlled the swift horses.

12. אז ראיתי את גבורתו המופלאה ביותר של מָאטַלִי, איך הוא רסן ללא מאמץ את הסוסים המהירים.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• अहम् (aham) - I

• मातलेः (mātaleḥ) - of Matali

• वीर्यम् (vīryam) - valor, prowess, strength

• अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw, I beheld

• परमाद्भुतम् (paramādbhutam) - supremely wonderful, exceedingly amazing

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

• तथा (tathā) - and, likewise

• वेगवतः (vegavataḥ) - swift, speedy

• यत् (yat) - in that (he did this) (that which, because)

• अयत्नात् (ayatnāt) - effortlessly, without effort

• अधारयत् (adhārayat) - he held, he supported, he controlled

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad with suffix -tas

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Subject of 'apaśyam'.

मातलेः (mātaleḥ) - of Matali

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mātali

mātali - Matali (charioteer of Indra)

Note: Possessive, "Matali's".

वीर्यम् (vīryam) - valor, prowess, strength

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - valor, heroism, prowess, strength

Derived from vīra (hero)

Note: Object of 'apaśyam'.

अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw, I beheld

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect, Active Voice, 1st Person Singular

Root dṛś takes 'paśya' stem in present/imperfect. Augment 'a' for imperfect.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

परमाद्भुतम् (paramādbhutam) - supremely wonderful, exceedingly amazing

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paramādbhuta

paramādbhuta - supremely wonderful, exceedingly amazing

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parama+adbhuta)

• parama – supreme, highest, greatest
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of para
• adbhuta – wonderful, amazing, marvelous
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'vīryam'.

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Object of 'adhārayat'.

तथा (tathā) - and, likewise

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'aśvān' with 'vegavataḥ' or acts as 'and'.

वेगवतः (vegavataḥ) - swift, speedy

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vegavat

vegavat - swift, speedy, rapid (having vega)

Possessive suffix -vat

Note: Agrees with 'aśvān'.

यत् (yat) - in that (he did this) (that which, because)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - that which, who, what, because

Note: Acts as a conjunction here, introducing the reason for Matali's prowess.

अयत्नात् (ayatnāt) - effortlessly, without effort

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'yatna' (effort). Ablative case used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+yatna)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• yatna – effort, exertion, endeavor
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root yat (to strive)
  Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Adverbial use of ablative singular.

अधारयत् (adhārayat) - he held, he supported, he controlled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhṛ

Imperfect, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular (Causative stem)

Causative stem 'dhāray' from root 'dhṛ'. Augment 'a' for imperfect.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'mātali' (implied).

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