महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-133, verse-3

अष्टावक्र उवाच ।
यज्ञं द्रष्टुं प्राप्तवन्तौ स्व तात कौतूहलं नौ बलवद्वै विवृद्धम् ।
आवां प्राप्तावतिथी संप्रवेशं काङ्क्षावहे द्वारपते तवाज्ञाम् ॥३॥

3. aṣṭāvakra uvāca ,
yajñaṁ draṣṭuṁ prāptavantau sva tāta; kautūhalaṁ nau balavadvai vivṛddham ,
āvāṁ prāptāvatithī saṁpraveśaṁ; kāṅkṣāvahe dvārapate tavājñām.

3. aṣṭāvakraḥ uvāca yajñam draṣṭum prāptavantau
sva tāta kautūhalam nau balavat
vai vivṛddham āvām prāptau atithī
saṃpravesam kāṅkṣāvahe dvārapate tava ājñām

3. Aṣṭāvakra said: O sire, we have come to witness the (yajña) sacrifice, and our curiosity has indeed grown immensely. We two have arrived as guests, and we desire permission to enter, O doorkeeper.

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टावक्रः (aṣṭāvakraḥ) - The sage Aṣṭāvakra (Aṣṭāvakra)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यज्ञम् (yajñam) - the great (yajña) sacrifice being performed by King Janaka (sacrifice, ritual)

• द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, in order to see

• प्राप्तवन्तौ (prāptavantau) - we two (Aṣṭāvakra and his father-in-law, Kahola) have arrived (we two have obtained, we two have arrived)

• स्व (sva) - we two are

• तात (tāta) - O sire, an address of respect (father, sire, dear one)

• कौतूहलम् (kautūhalam) - curiosity, eagerness

• नौ (nau) - our (curiosity) (of us two, for us two)

• बलवत् (balavat) - greatly (increased) (strongly, powerfully, greatly)

• वै (vai) - emphasizing the statement (indeed, surely)

• विवृद्धम् (vivṛddham) - greatly increased (increased, grown, augmented)

• आवाम् (āvām) - Aṣṭāvakra and his father-in-law, Kahola (we two)

• प्राप्तौ (prāptau) - we two, having reached this place (we two having arrived, having obtained)

• अतिथी (atithī) - we two (are) guests (guests)

• संप्रवेसम् (saṁpravesam) - permission for entry (entry, admission)

• काङ्क्षावहे (kāṅkṣāvahe) - we two desire, we two wish

• द्वारपते (dvārapate) - O doorkeeper (addressed to the gatekeeper of Janaka's palace) (O doorkeeper, O lord of the gate)

• तव (tava) - your

• आज्ञाम् (ājñām) - permission to enter (command, permission, order)

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टावक्रः (aṣṭāvakraḥ) - The sage Aṣṭāvakra (Aṣṭāvakra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṣṭāvakra

aṣṭāvakra - eight-crooked, name of a sage

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aṣṭā+vakra)

• aṣṭā – eight
  numeral
• vakra – crooked, bent, curved
  adjective (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active third person singular

Irregular perfect formation, from root vac (2nd class)

Root: vac (class 2)

यज्ञम् (yajñam) - the great (yajña) sacrifice being performed by King Janaka (sacrifice, ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - sacrifice, ritual, worship, offering

From root yaj 'to sacrifice, worship'

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Object of draṣṭum.

द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, in order to see

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive formed with tumun suffix from root dṛś (1st class)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: This is a verbal infinitive used as an indeclinable.

प्राप्तवन्तौ (prāptavantau) - we two (Aṣṭāvakra and his father-in-law, Kahola) have arrived (we two have obtained, we two have arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pra-āp

pra-āp - to reach, to attain, to arrive

Past Active Participle

Past active participle formed with kvatu suffix from root āp (5th class) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Functions as an adjective here, sva (from as root, sva is first person dual) confirms the dual 'we'.

स्व (sva) - we two are

(verb)

1st person , dual, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present active first person dual

Present indicative, active voice, from root as (2nd class)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: The sva ending for first person dual is sometimes used.

तात (tāta) - O sire, an address of respect (father, sire, dear one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, sire, dear one (term of endearment and respect)

Note: Addressed to Kahola (Aṣṭāvakra's father-in-law).

कौतूहलम् (kautūhalam) - curiosity, eagerness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kautūhala

kautūhala - curiosity, interest, eagerness, wonder

नौ (nau) - our (curiosity) (of us two, for us two)

(pronoun)

dual of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Used as possessive here ('our').

बलवत् (balavat) - greatly (increased) (strongly, powerfully, greatly)

(indeclinable)

Adjective formed with matup suffix from bala 'strength'

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying vivṛddham.

वै (vai) - emphasizing the statement (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

विवृद्धम् (vivṛddham) - greatly increased (increased, grown, augmented)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vi-vṛdh

vi-vṛdh - to grow, to increase, to prosper

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛdh (1st class) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.

आवाम् (āvām) - Aṣṭāvakra and his father-in-law, Kahola (we two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, dual of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of kāṅkṣāvahe.

प्राप्तौ (prāptau) - we two, having reached this place (we two having arrived, having obtained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pra-āp

pra-āp - to reach, to attain, to arrive

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root āp (5th class) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Functions as an adjective here, predicate to āvām.

अतिथी (atithī) - we two (are) guests (guests)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of atithi

atithi - guest, visitor, stranger

Note: Predicate noun for āvām.

संप्रवेसम् (saṁpravesam) - permission for entry (entry, admission)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃpra-veśa

saṁpra-veśa - entry, penetration, admission

Derived from root viś (6th class) with prefixes sam and pra

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: It functions as the object of kāṅkṣāvahe.

काङ्क्षावहे (kāṅkṣāvahe) - we two desire, we two wish

(verb)

1st person , dual, middle, present (laṭ) of kāṅkṣ

Present middle first person dual

Present indicative, middle voice, from root kāṅkṣ (1st class)

Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

द्वारपते (dvārapate) - O doorkeeper (addressed to the gatekeeper of Janaka's palace) (O doorkeeper, O lord of the gate)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvārapati

dvārapati - doorkeeper, gate-keeper, lord of the gate

Compound: dvāra (gate) + pati (master/lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvāra+pati)

• dvāra – door, gate
  noun (neuter)
• pati – master, lord, husband, owner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to the doorkeeper.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive, modifying ājñām.

आज्ञाम् (ājñām) - permission to enter (command, permission, order)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ājñā

ājñā - command, order, permission, authority

Derived from root jñā 'to know' with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)