महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-133, verse-16

अष्टावक्र उवाच ।
भो भो राजञ्जनकानां वरिष्ठ सभाज्यस्त्वं त्वयि सर्वं समृद्धम् ।
त्वं वा कर्ता कर्मणां यज्ञियानां ययातिरेको नृपतिर्वा पुरस्तात् ॥१६॥

16. aṣṭāvakra uvāca ,
bho bho rājañjanakānāṁ variṣṭha; sabhājyastvaṁ tvayi sarvaṁ samṛddham ,
tvaṁ vā kartā karmaṇāṁ yajñiyānāṁ; yayātireko nṛpatirvā purastāt.

16. aṣṭāvakraḥ uvāca bho bho rājan janakānām
variṣṭha sabhāryaḥ tvam tvayi sarvam
samṛddham tvam vā kartā karmaṇām
yajñiyānām yayātiḥ ekaḥ nṛpatiḥ vā purastāt

16. aṣṭāvakraḥ uvāca: bho bho rājan,
tvam janakānām variṣṭha sabhāryaḥ.
sarvam tvayi samṛddham.
tvam vā yajñiyānām karmaṇām kartā,
vā ekaḥ nṛpatiḥ yayātiḥ purastāt?

16. Aṣṭāvakra said, 'Oh King, Oh King! You are the most esteemed among the Janakas, and everything thrives within you. But are you truly the doer of these ritualistic (yajña) actions, or was that the role of a singular king like Yayāti from ancient times?'

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टावक्रः (aṣṭāvakraḥ) - Aṣṭāvakra (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle)

• भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• जनकानाम् (janakānām) - of the Janakas (dynasty of kings)

• वरिष्ठ (variṣṭha) - most excellent, foremost, best

• सभार्यः (sabhāryaḥ) - worthy of respect, honorable, worshipable

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• त्वयि (tvayi) - in you, with you

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

• समृद्धम् (samṛddham) - prosperous, complete, perfected, thriving

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• वा (vā) - or, whether

• कर्ता (kartā) - doer, maker, creator

• कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions, of deeds

• यज्ञियानाम् (yajñiyānām) - of sacrificial, of ritualistic (actions)

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti (name of a legendary king)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, single, unique

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king, ruler of men

• वा (vā) - or, whether

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - from before, in front, formerly, in ancient times

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टावक्रः (aṣṭāvakraḥ) - Aṣṭāvakra (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṣṭāvakra

aṣṭāvakra - name of a famous sage

Note: Nominative singular of Aṣṭāvakra.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

From root VAC (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: 3rd person singular, perfect active (parasmaipada) of the root vac.

भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle)

(indeclinable)

भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle)

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Vocative singular of rājan.

जनकानाम् (janakānām) - of the Janakas (dynasty of kings)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of janaka

janaka - name of a king, a father

Note: Genitive plural of Janaka.

वरिष्ठ (variṣṭha) - most excellent, foremost, best

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of variṣṭha

variṣṭha - most excellent, foremost, best

Superlative suffix -iṣṭha.

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Vocative singular masculine, agreeing with rājan. Used as an epithet.

सभार्यः (sabhāryaḥ) - worthy of respect, honorable, worshipable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sabhārya

sabhārya - worthy of respect, honorable, to be revered

Gerundive (NVA)

From root BHAJ (to divide, honor) with prefix SA-.

Prefix: sa

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular masculine, referring to tvam.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

Note: Nominative singular of the 2nd person pronoun yuṣmad.

त्वयि (tvayi) - in you, with you

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

Note: Locative singular of the 2nd person pronoun yuṣmad.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Nominative singular neuter of sarva.

समृद्धम् (samṛddham) - prosperous, complete, perfected, thriving

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samṛddha

samṛddha - prosperous, rich, abundant, complete

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ṚDH (to thrive) with prefix SAM-.

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

Note: Nominative singular neuter, agreeing with sarvam.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

Note: Nominative singular of the 2nd person pronoun yuṣmad.

वा (vā) - or, whether

(indeclinable)

कर्ता (kartā) - doer, maker, creator

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, maker, agent

Agent Noun

Derived from root KṚ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Nominative singular of kartṛ.

कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions, of deeds

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action

From root KṚ (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Genitive plural of karman.

यज्ञियानाम् (yajñiyānām) - of sacrificial, of ritualistic (actions)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, plural of yajñiya

yajñiya - pertaining to a Vedic ritual, sacrificial, worthy of sacrifice

Derived from yajña.

Note: Genitive plural neuter, agreeing with karmaṇām.

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti (name of a legendary king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - name of a celebrated ancient king

Note: Nominative singular of Yayāti.

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, single, unique

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

Note: Nominative singular masculine, agreeing with nṛpatiḥ.

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king, ruler of men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Nominative singular of nṛpati.

वा (vā) - or, whether

(indeclinable)

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - from before, in front, formerly, in ancient times

(indeclinable)