महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-105, verse-6

तानुवाच महाभागः सर्वलोकपितामहः ।
गच्छध्वं त्रिदशाः सर्वे लोकैः सार्धं यथागतम् ॥६॥

6. tānuvāca mahābhāgaḥ sarvalokapitāmahaḥ ,
gacchadhvaṁ tridaśāḥ sarve lokaiḥ sārdhaṁ yathāgatam.

6. tān uvāca mahābhāgaḥ sarvalokapitāmahaḥ gacchadhvaṃ
tridaśāḥ sarve lokaiḥ sārdhaṃ yathāgatam

6. The greatly glorious grandfather of all worlds (Brahma) spoke to them: "O all you gods, go back to your worlds, together with the people, just as you came."

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• महाभागः (mahābhāgaḥ) - Used here as an epithet for Brahmā. (greatly fortunate, glorious, noble)

• सर्वलोकपितामहः (sarvalokapitāmahaḥ) - an epithet for Brahmā (grandfather of all worlds, creator of all beings)

• गच्छध्वं (gacchadhvaṁ) - go, proceed

• त्रिदशाः (tridaśāḥ) - gods, deities (literally 'thrice ten')

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• लोकैः (lokaiḥ) - with the worlds, with the people

• सार्धं (sārdhaṁ) - together with, along with

• यथागतम् (yathāgatam) - as they came, in the manner they came

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect form of vac, reduplicated with initial v changed to u.

Root: vac (class 2)

महाभागः (mahābhāgaḥ) - Used here as an epithet for Brahmā. (greatly fortunate, glorious, noble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, glorious, noble

compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bhāga – fortune, share, portion
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

सर्वलोकपितामहः (sarvalokapitāmahaḥ) - an epithet for Brahmā (grandfather of all worlds, creator of all beings)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvalokapitāmaha

sarvalokapitāmaha - grandfather of all worlds, creator of all beings

compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+loka+pitāmaha)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• loka – world, region, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)
• pitāmaha – grandfather, creator (Brahma)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Brahmā.

गच्छध्वं (gacchadhvaṁ) - go, proceed

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of gam

Present Imperative, middle voice, 2nd plural.

Root: gam (class 1)

त्रिदशाः (tridaśāḥ) - gods, deities (literally 'thrice ten')

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tridaśa

tridaśa - god, deity (literally 'thrice ten')

Note: Used in vocative sense here.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with tridaśāḥ.

लोकैः (lokaiḥ) - with the worlds, with the people

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, region, people

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Used with sārdham.

सार्धं (sārdhaṁ) - together with, along with

(indeclinable)

यथागतम् (yathāgatam) - as they came, in the manner they came

(indeclinable)

indeclinable compound (avyayībhāva)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+āgata)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• āgata – come, arrived
  Past Passive Participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā- + gam (to go).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adverb here.