महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-105, verse-23

एवं हि खनतां तेषां समुद्रं मकरालयम् ।
व्यतीतः सुमहान्कालो न चाश्वः समदृश्यत ॥२३॥

23. evaṁ hi khanatāṁ teṣāṁ samudraṁ makarālayam ,
vyatītaḥ sumahānkālo na cāśvaḥ samadṛśyata.

23. evam hi khanatām teṣām samudram makarālayam
vyatītaḥ sumahān kālaḥ na ca aśvaḥ samadṛśyata

23. Indeed, while they were thus digging into the ocean, the abode of crocodiles and marine creatures (makara), a very great deal of time passed, and still, the horse was not seen.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• खनताम् (khanatām) - of them digging, while digging

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, to them

• समुद्रम् (samudram) - ocean, sea

• मकरालयम् (makarālayam) - abode of makaras/sea creatures, ocean

• व्यतीतः (vyatītaḥ) - passed, gone by, elapsed

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, very large, enormous

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time, period, season

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अश्वः (aśvaḥ) - horse

• समदृश्यत (samadṛśyata) - was seen, appeared

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

खनताम् (khanatām) - of them digging, while digging

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of khanat

khanat - digging, excavating

Present Active Participle

Derived from root khan (to dig), class 1

Root: khan (class 1)

Note: Modifies `teṣām`

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, to them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

समुद्रम् (samudram) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

मकरालयम् (makarālayam) - abode of makaras/sea creatures, ocean

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of makarālaya

makarālaya - abode of makaras, ocean

Tatpuruṣa compound: makara (sea creature) + ālaya (abode)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (makara+ālaya)

• makara – sea creature, crocodile, a mythical aquatic animal
  noun (masculine)
• ālaya – abode, dwelling, house, receptacle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjectival to `samudram`

व्यतीतः (vyatītaḥ) - passed, gone by, elapsed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyatīta

vyatīta - passed, gone by, elapsed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root i (to go) with upasargas vi and ati

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies `kālaḥ`

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, very large, enormous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large, enormous

Compound of su (good, very) + mahat (great)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excellence or intensification
• mahat – great, large, vast, mighty
  adjective (masculine)

कालः (kālaḥ) - time, period, season

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, death

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अश्वः (aśvaḥ) - horse

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśva

aśva - horse

समदृश्यत (samadṛśyata) - was seen, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)