महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-105, verse-16

श्रुत्वा तु वचनं तेषां स राजा क्रोधमूर्छितः ।
उवाच वचनं सर्वांस्तदा दैववशान्नृप ॥१६॥

16. śrutvā tu vacanaṁ teṣāṁ sa rājā krodhamūrchitaḥ ,
uvāca vacanaṁ sarvāṁstadā daivavaśānnṛpa.

16. śrutvā tu vacanam teṣām sa rājā krodhamūrcchitaḥ
uvāca vacanam sarvān tadā daivavaśāt nṛpa

16. Upon hearing their words, that king, overcome with anger, then spoke to all of them, O king, under the sway of destiny.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - upon hearing (having heard)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, statement)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (of them, their)

• स (sa) - that (that, he)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• क्रोधमूर्च्छितः (krodhamūrcchitaḥ) - overcome with anger (overcome with anger, swooned with anger)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (he said, he spoke)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, statement)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - to all of them (all, everyone)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• दैववशात् (daivavaśāt) - by the influence of destiny (by the power of destiny, by fate)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king (O king, O ruler)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - upon hearing (having heard)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'śru' (to hear) + 'ktvā' suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, saying

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

स (sa) - that (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

क्रोधमूर्च्छितः (krodhamūrcchitaḥ) - overcome with anger (overcome with anger, swooned with anger)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhamūrcchita

krodhamūrcchita - overcome/fainted with anger, infuriated

Compound type : tatpurusha (krodha+mūrcchita)

• krodha – anger, wrath, rage
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'krudh' (to be angry).
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• mūrcchita – fainted, swooned, overcome, stiff
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'mūrcch' (to faint, swoon, stiffen).
  Root: mūrcch (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā'.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect active 3rd singular

From root 'vac' (strong stem 'vac' and weak stem 'uc') in the perfect tense (liṭ).

Root: vac (class 2)

वचनम् (vacanam) - words (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, saying

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - to all of them (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

दैववशात् (daivavaśāt) - by the influence of destiny (by the power of destiny, by fate)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of daivavaśa

daivavaśa - power of destiny, sway of fate, by divine will

Compound type : tatpurusha (daiva+vaśa)

• daiva – destiny, fate, divine (adj.)
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'deva' (god).
  Root: div (class 1)
• vaśa – will, power, control, influence, sway
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś (class 1)

Note: Expresses cause or reason.

नृप (nṛpa) - O king (O king, O ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men