महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-105, verse-1

लोमश उवाच ।
एतच्छ्रुत्वान्तरिक्षाच्च स राजा राजसत्तम ।
यथोक्तं तच्चकाराथ श्रद्दधद्भरतर्षभ ॥१॥

1. lomaśa uvāca ,
etacchrutvāntarikṣācca sa rājā rājasattama ,
yathoktaṁ taccakārātha śraddadhadbharatarṣabha.

1. lomaśaḥ uvāca etat śrutvā antarikṣāt ca sa rājā rājasattama
yathoktam tat ca cakāra atha śraddhat bharatarṣabha

1. Lomaśa said: O best among the Bhāratas, hearing this from the sky, that king, the most excellent of kings, then performed (the ritual) exactly as instructed, having faith (śraddhā).

1. לוֹמַשַׁה אמר, הו מלך משובח, הו אדם דגול מצאצאי בְּהַרַטַה, כששמע המלך את הדברים מן השמיים, הוא עשה באמונה כפי שנאמר לו.

Words meanings summery:

• लोमशः (lomaśaḥ) - Lomaśa (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एतत् (etat) - this, this (instruction)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• अन्तरिक्षात् (antarikṣāt) - from the sky, from space, from the atmosphere

• च (ca) - and

• स (sa) - that King Pāṇḍu (he, that (king))

• राजा (rājā) - King Pāṇḍu (the king)

• राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - best of kings, most excellent king

• यथोक्तम् (yathoktam) - as spoken, as said, as instructed

• तत् (tat) - that, that (instruction/action)

• च (ca) - and

• चकार (cakāra) - he did, he made, he performed

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• श्रद्धत् (śraddhat) - having faith, believing, trusting

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best among the Bharatas, O bull of the Bharatas

Words meanings and morphology

लोमशः (lomaśaḥ) - Lomaśa (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lomaśa

lomaśa - Lomaśa (name of a sage mentioned in the Mahābhārata)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (liṭ) form of root `vac`.

Root: vac (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this, this (instruction)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Accusative singular neuter of `etad`.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root `śru` with the `ktvā` suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

अन्तरिक्षात् (antarikṣāt) - from the sky, from space, from the atmosphere

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of antarikṣa

antarikṣa - mid-air, atmosphere, sky, space

From `antar` (between) and related to `īkṣ` (to see, appear).

Prefix: antar

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - that King Pāṇḍu (he, that (king))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Nominative singular masculine of `tad`.

राजा (rājā) - King Pāṇḍu (the king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - best of kings, most excellent king

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājasattama

rājasattama - best of kings, chief of kings, most excellent among kings

Tatpurusha compound: `rājan` (king) + `sattama` (best, most excellent).

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+sattama)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix `tama` added to `sat` (good, existing).
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with rājā.

यथोक्तम् (yathoktam) - as spoken, as said, as instructed

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound or adverbial usage of `yathā` (as) + `ukta` (spoken).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+ukta)

• yathā – as, in the manner that, according to
  indeclinable
• ukta – spoken, said, told
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `vac` (to speak) with `kta` suffix.
  Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that, that (instruction/action)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

Accusative singular neuter of `tad`.

Note: Object of cakāra.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

चकार (cakāra) - he did, he made, he performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect tense (liṭ) form of root `kṛ`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

श्रद्धत् (śraddhat) - having faith, believing, trusting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrad-dhā

śrad-dhā - to put faith in, to believe, to trust (śraddhā)

Present Active Participle

From compound root `śrad-dhā` (root `dhā` with prefix `śrad`), with `śatṛ` suffix.

Prefix: śrad

Root: dhā (class 3)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best among the Bharatas, O bull of the Bharatas

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull of Bharata, best of the Bharatas (an epithet for great warriors or kings in the Bhārata lineage)

Tatpurusha compound: `bharata` (descendant of Bharata) + `ṛṣabha` (bull, best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a member of the Bharata lineage, name of a king
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent one
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣabh

Note: An address, likely by Lomaśa to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

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