महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-1, verse-8

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवं द्यूतजिताः पार्थाः कोपिताश्च दुरात्मभिः ।
धार्तराष्ट्रैः सहामात्यैर्निर्ययुर्गजसाह्वयात् ॥८॥

8. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evaṁ dyūtajitāḥ pārthāḥ kopitāśca durātmabhiḥ ,
dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ sahāmātyairniryayurgajasāhvayāt.

8. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca evam dyūtajitāḥ pārthāḥ kopitāḥ ca
durātmabhiḥ dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ saha amātyaiḥ niryayuḥ gajasāhvayāt

8. Vaiśampāyana said: In this manner, the Pārthas (sons of Pṛthā), having been defeated in gambling and angered by the wicked-minded Dhārtarāṣṭras (sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) along with their ministers, departed from Gajasāhvaya (Hastinapura).

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - the sage Vaisampayana (Vaisampayana (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - in this manner (thus, in this manner)

• द्यूतजिताः (dyūtajitāḥ) - having been defeated in gambling (defeated in gambling)

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the Pārthas (Pandavas) (sons of Pṛthā (Pandavas))

• कोपिताः (kopitāḥ) - angered (angered, enraged)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• दुरात्मभिः (durātmabhiḥ) - by the wicked-minded (durātman) (by the wicked-minded, by the evil-souled)

• धार्तराष्ट्रैः (dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ) - by the Dhārtarāṣṭras (sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (by the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas))

• सह (saha) - along with (with, together with)

• अमात्यैः (amātyaiḥ) - by their ministers (by the ministers)

• निर्ययुः (niryayuḥ) - they departed (they departed, went out)

• गजसाह्वयात् (gajasāhvayāt) - from Gajasāhvaya (Hastinapura) (from Gajahvaya, from Hastinapura)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - the sage Vaisampayana (Vaisampayana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaisampayana (sage and narrator of the Mahabharata)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - in this manner (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying the departure.

द्यूतजिताः (dyūtajitāḥ) - having been defeated in gambling (defeated in gambling)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dyūtajita

dyūtajita - defeated in gambling

Past Passive Participle

from dyūta + jita (root ji)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dyūta+jita)

• dyūta – gambling, game of dice
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from dyut (to gamble)
  Root: dyut (class 1)
• jita – conquered, defeated
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Modifies `pārthāḥ`.

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the Pārthas (Pandavas) (sons of Pṛthā (Pandavas))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma

Derivative of Pṛthā.

Note: Subject of `niryayuḥ`.

कोपिताः (kopitāḥ) - angered (angered, enraged)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kopita

kopita - angered, enraged

Past Passive Participle

from root kup (to be angry)

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Modifies `pārthāḥ`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

दुरात्मभिः (durātmabhiḥ) - by the wicked-minded (durātman) (by the wicked-minded, by the evil-souled)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of durātman

durātman - wicked-minded, evil-souled (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Agent of `kopitāḥ`. Refers to the Kauravas.

धार्तराष्ट्रैः (dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ) - by the Dhārtarāṣṭras (sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (by the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, a Kaurava

Derivative of Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

Note: Co-agent with `durātmabhiḥ`. Refers to the Kauravas.

सह (saha) - along with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with `amātyaiḥ`.

अमात्यैः (amātyaiḥ) - by their ministers (by the ministers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of amātya

amātya - minister, counsellor

Note: Used with `saha`, referring to the Kauravas' ministers.

निर्ययुः (niryayuḥ) - they departed (they departed, went out)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of niryā

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Subject is `pārthāḥ`.

गजसाह्वयात् (gajasāhvayāt) - from Gajasāhvaya (Hastinapura) (from Gajahvaya, from Hastinapura)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of gajasāhvaya

gajasāhvaya - name of the city Hastinapura (lit. 'elephant-called')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gaja+āhvaya)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• āhvaya – name, appellation, calling
  noun (masculine)
  from ā + hve (to call)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hve (class 1)

Note: Source from which they departed.