महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-1, verse-22

वस्त्रमापस्तिलान्भूमिं गन्धो वासयते यथा ।
पुष्पाणामधिवासेन तथा संसर्गजा गुणाः ॥२२॥

22. vastramāpastilānbhūmiṁ gandho vāsayate yathā ,
puṣpāṇāmadhivāsena tathā saṁsargajā guṇāḥ.

22. vastram āpaḥ tilān bhūmim gandhaḥ vāsayate yathā
puṣpāṇām adhivāsena tathā saṃsargajāḥ guṇāḥ

22. Just as a scent (gandha) permeates cloth, water, sesame seeds, and the earth, similarly, qualities (guṇa) born of association (saṃsarga) arise through the pervasive influence (adhivāsa) of flowers.

22. כשם שריחם של פרחים מבשם בגד, מים, שומשום ואדמה כשהם שוכנים בהם, כך נולדות תכונות מההתחברות.

Words meanings summery:

• वस्त्रम् (vastram) - cloth, garment

• आपः (āpaḥ) - water

• तिलान् (tilān) - sesame seeds

• भूमिम् (bhūmim) - earth, ground, land

• गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - scent, fragrance, odor

• वासयते (vāsayate) - perfumes, impregnates with scent, permeates (causes to smell, causes to dwell, perfumes, impregnates with scent)

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in the manner that

• पुष्पाणाम् (puṣpāṇām) - of flowers

• अधिवासेन (adhivāsena) - through the pervasive influence (of flowers) (by dwelling, by pervading, by contact, by influence)

• तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

• संसर्गजाः (saṁsargajāḥ) - born of association, arising from contact

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, merits, virtues

Words meanings and morphology

वस्त्रम् (vastram) - cloth, garment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vastra

vastra - cloth, garment

आपः (āpaḥ) - water

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

always plural in this sense

तिलान् (tilān) - sesame seeds

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tila

tila - sesame seed

भूमिम् (bhūmim) - earth, ground, land

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - scent, fragrance, odor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandha

gandha - scent, fragrance, odor, smell

Note: The agent of 'vāsayate'.

वासयते (vāsayate) - perfumes, impregnates with scent, permeates (causes to smell, causes to dwell, perfumes, impregnates with scent)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vāsayate

causative, present middle, 3rd person singular

causative of root √vas (to smell, to dwell). Here, likely from √vas 'to smell' or causative of √vas 'to dwell' (making something stay/impregnate).

Root: vas (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in the manner that

(indeclinable)

adverb

पुष्पाणाम् (puṣpāṇām) - of flowers

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of puṣpa

puṣpa - flower, blossom

अधिवासेन (adhivāsena) - through the pervasive influence (of flowers) (by dwelling, by pervading, by contact, by influence)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adhivāsa

adhivāsa - dwelling, habitation, pervading, pervading influence, impregnation with scent

derived from adhi + √vas (to dwell/perfume)

Prefix: adhi

Root: vas (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

(indeclinable)

adverb

संसर्गजाः (saṁsargajāḥ) - born of association, arising from contact

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃsargaja

saṁsargaja - born from association, produced by contact, arising from connection

tatpurusha compound from saṃsarga and -ja (born)

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṃsarga+ja)

• saṃsarga – association, contact, connection
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced, caused by
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix -ja from √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'guṇāḥ'.

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, merits, virtues

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, merit, virtue, attribute, constituent

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