महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-1, verse-43

राजानं तु कुरुश्रेष्ठं ते हंसमधुरस्वराः ।
आश्वासयन्तो विप्राग्र्याः क्षपां सर्वां व्यनोदयन् ॥४३॥

43. rājānaṁ tu kuruśreṣṭhaṁ te haṁsamadhurasvarāḥ ,
āśvāsayanto viprāgryāḥ kṣapāṁ sarvāṁ vyanodayan.

43. rājānam tu kuruśreṣṭham te haṃsamadhurasvarāḥ
āśvāsayantaḥ viprāgryāḥ kṣapām sarvām vyanodayan

43. And those excellent Brahmins, whose voices were sweet like swans, comforted the king, the foremost of the Kurus, and thus spent the entire night.

Words meanings summery:

• राजानम् (rājānam) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• कुरुश्रेष्ठम् (kuruśreṣṭham) - King Yudhiṣṭhira, the best of the Kurus (best of the Kurus)

• ते (te) - those Brahmins (those)

• हंसमधुरस्वराः (haṁsamadhurasvarāḥ) - having sweet voices like swans

• आश्वासयन्तः (āśvāsayantaḥ) - comforting, consoling

• विप्राग्र्याः (viprāgryāḥ) - excellent Brahmins, foremost Brahmins

• क्षपाम् (kṣapām) - night

• सर्वाम् (sarvām) - whole, entire, all

• व्यनोदयन् (vyanodayan) - they spent, they passed (time)

Words meanings and morphology

राजानम् (rājānam) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Object of āśvāsayantaḥ.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as a particle for emphasis or transition.

कुरुश्रेष्ठम् (kuruśreṣṭham) - King Yudhiṣṭhira, the best of the Kurus (best of the Kurus)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kuruśreṣṭha

kuruśreṣṭha - best among the Kurus, foremost of the Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+śreṣṭha)

• kuru – Kuru (name of a legendary king and his descendants)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree from pra-śas

Note: Adjective qualifying rājānam.

ते (te) - those Brahmins (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Brahmins.

हंसमधुरस्वराः (haṁsamadhurasvarāḥ) - having sweet voices like swans

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haṃsamadhurasvara

haṁsamadhurasvara - having a sweet voice like a swan

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (haṃsa+madhurasvara)

• haṃsa – swan, goose
  noun (masculine)
• madhurasvara – sweet-voiced
  adjective (masculine)
• madhura – sweet, charming, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)
• svara – sound, voice, tone
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svṛ (class 1)

Note: Adjective qualifying viprāgryāḥ.

आश्वासयन्तः (āśvāsayantaḥ) - comforting, consoling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśvāsayat

āśvāsayat - comforting, consoling, reassuring

Present Active Participle

From causative of root śvas 'to breathe', with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Adjective qualifying viprāgryāḥ.

विप्राग्र्याः (viprāgryāḥ) - excellent Brahmins, foremost Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viprāgrya

viprāgrya - excellent Brahmin, foremost Brahmin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vipra+agrya)

• vipra – Brahmin, inspired, wise
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vip
• agrya – foremost, chief, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

क्षपाम् (kṣapām) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṣapā

kṣapā - night

Note: Object of vyanodayan.

सर्वाम् (sarvām) - whole, entire, all

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Adjective qualifying kṣapām.

व्यनोदयन् (vyanodayan) - they spent, they passed (time)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vinud

Imperfect Active

3rd Person Plural, Parasmaipada

Prefix: vi

Root: nud (class 6)

Note: Causative form.