महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-1, verse-16

सानुक्रोशा महात्मानो विजितेन्द्रियशत्रवः ।
ह्रीमन्तः कीर्तिमन्तश्च धर्माचारपरायणाः ॥१६॥

16. sānukrośā mahātmāno vijitendriyaśatravaḥ ,
hrīmantaḥ kīrtimantaśca dharmācāraparāyaṇāḥ.

16. sānukrośāḥ mahātmānaḥ vijitendriyaśatravaḥ
hrīmantaḥ kīrtimantaḥ ca dharmācāraparāyaṇāḥ

16. They are compassionate, great-souled (mahātmā), have conquered their senses and enemies, are modest, renowned, and devoted to natural law (dharma) and good conduct.

16. הם רחומים וגדולי נפש, כובשי החושים והאויבים, צנועים ובעלי תהילה, ומסורים לדרך היושר ולהתנהגות ישרה.

Words meanings summery:

• सानुक्रोशाः (sānukrośāḥ) - compassionate, merciful, kind

• महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great-souled (mahātmā) (great-souled, noble-minded, exalted, generous)

• विजितेन्द्रियशत्रवः (vijitendriyaśatravaḥ) - those who have conquered their senses and enemies

• ह्रीमन्तः (hrīmantaḥ) - modest, shy, bashful, possessing humility

• कीर्तिमन्तः (kīrtimantaḥ) - renowned, famous, glorious, possessing fame

• च (ca) - and, also

• धर्माचारपरायणाः (dharmācāraparāyaṇāḥ) - devoted to natural law (dharma) and good conduct

Words meanings and morphology

सानुक्रोशाः (sānukrośāḥ) - compassionate, merciful, kind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sānukrośa

sānukrośa - compassionate, merciful, kind, with pity, having fellow-feeling

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+anukrośa)

• sa – with, together with, possessing
  indeclinable
• anukrośa – compassion, pity, mercy, sorrow for others
  noun (masculine)
  From 'anu' (after) + root 'kruś' (to cry out, to lament).
  Prefix: anu
  Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Refers to the Pandavas, the implied subject.

महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great-souled (mahātmā) (great-souled, noble-minded, exalted, generous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted, magnanimous, great self (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast, noble, eminent
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, ego, breath
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the Pandavas.

विजितेन्द्रियशत्रवः (vijitendriyaśatravaḥ) - those who have conquered their senses and enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vijitendriyaśatru

vijitendriyaśatru - one who has conquered senses and enemies, having subdued inner and outer foes

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vijita+indriya+śatru)

• vijita – conquered, subdued, vanquished, overcome
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root 'ji' (to conquer) with prefix 'vi-'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ji (class 1)
• indriya – sense, organ of sense (e.g., eye, ear), faculty
  noun (neuter)
• śatru – enemy, foe, rival, adversary
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the Pandavas.

ह्रीमन्तः (hrīmantaḥ) - modest, shy, bashful, possessing humility

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hrīmat

hrīmat - modest, shy, bashful, possessing humility/shame/decency

Derived from 'hrī' (shame, modesty, humility) with the possessive suffix '-mat'.

Note: Refers to the Pandavas.

कीर्तिमन्तः (kīrtimantaḥ) - renowned, famous, glorious, possessing fame

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kīrtimat

kīrtimat - renowned, famous, glorious, possessing fame/renown

Derived from 'kīrti' (fame, renown, glory) with the possessive suffix '-mat'.

Root: kṛt (class 6)

Note: Refers to the Pandavas.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

धर्माचारपरायणाः (dharmācāraparāyaṇāḥ) - devoted to natural law (dharma) and good conduct

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmācāraparāyaṇa

dharmācāraparāyaṇa - devoted to natural law and good conduct, steadfast in righteousness and proper behavior, intent on duty and good practice

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+ācāra+parāyaṇa)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to hold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ācāra – conduct, custom, practice, proper behavior
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix 'ā-' and root 'car' (to move, to perform).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)
• parāyaṇa – devoted to, intent on, having as a final resort, dependent on
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of 'para' (other, excellent, supreme) and 'ayana' (going, course, path).
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Refers to the Pandavas.

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