महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-70, verse-17

यद्येतदहमज्ञास्यं वनवासो हि वो ध्रुवम् ।
शतशृङ्गान्मृते पाण्डौ नागमिष्यं गजाह्वयम् ॥१७॥

17. yadyetadahamajñāsyaṁ vanavāso hi vo dhruvam ,
śataśṛṅgānmṛte pāṇḍau nāgamiṣyaṁ gajāhvayam.

17. yadi etat aham ajñāsyam vanavāsaḥ hi vaḥ dhruvam
śataśṛṅgāt mṛte pāṇḍau na āgamiṣyam gajāhvayam

17. If I had known that your exile to the forest was indeed inevitable, I would not have come to Gajāhvaya (Hastināpura) from Mount Śataśṛṅga after Pāṇḍu's death.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if

• एतत् (etat) - this (neuter)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अज्ञास्यम् (ajñāsyam) - I would have known, I knew

• वनवासः (vanavāsaḥ) - forest dwelling, exile to the forest

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• वः (vaḥ) - your (plural)

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certain, inevitable, firm

• शतशृङ्गात् (śataśṛṅgāt) - from Mount Śataśṛṅga (from Śataśṛṅga (mountain))

• मृते (mṛte) - when died, upon death, dead

• पाण्डौ (pāṇḍau) - when Pāṇḍu (died) (in Pāṇḍu, regarding Pāṇḍu)

• न (na) - not

• आगमिष्यम् (āgamiṣyam) - I would have come, I would come

• गजाह्वयम् (gajāhvayam) - to Gajāhvaya (Hastināpura)

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (neuter)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

अज्ञास्यम् (ajñāsyam) - I would have known, I knew

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, conditional past (lṛṅ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

वनवासः (vanavāsaḥ) - forest dwelling, exile to the forest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vanavāsa

vanavāsa - forest dwelling

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (vana+vāsa)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• vāsa – dwelling, residence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vas (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

वः (vaḥ) - your (plural)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certain, inevitable, firm

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhruva

dhruva - firm, fixed, certain, inevitable

Note: Used predicatively as an adverbial modifier to the clause.

शतशृङ्गात् (śataśṛṅgāt) - from Mount Śataśṛṅga (from Śataśṛṅga (mountain))

(proper noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śataśṛṅga

śataśṛṅga - mountain with a hundred peaks (name of a mountain)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śata+śṛṅga)

• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)
• śṛṅga – peak, horn
  noun (neuter)

मृते (mṛte) - when died, upon death, dead

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √mṛ.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

पाण्डौ (pāṇḍau) - when Pāṇḍu (died) (in Pāṇḍu, regarding Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍu

pāṇḍu - Pāṇḍu (name of a king)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आगमिष्यम् (āgamiṣyam) - I would have come, I would come

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, conditional past (lṛṅ) of gam

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

गजाह्वयम् (gajāhvayam) - to Gajāhvaya (Hastināpura)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gajāhvaya

gajāhvaya - Hastināpura (literally, 'called by the elephant')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gaja+āhvaya)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• āhvaya – name, appellation, call
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hvā (class 1)