महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-18, chapter-1, verse-3

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
स्वर्गं त्रिविष्टपं प्राप्य तव पूर्वपितामहाः ।
युधिष्ठिरप्रभृतयो यदकुर्वत तच्छृणु ॥३॥

3. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
svargaṁ triviṣṭapaṁ prāpya tava pūrvapitāmahāḥ ,
yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛtayo yadakurvata tacchṛṇu.

3. Vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca svargaṃ triviṣṭapaṃ prāpya tava
pūrvapitāmahāḥ Yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛtayaḥ yat akurvata tat śṛṇu

3. Vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tava pūrvapitāmahāḥ Yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛtayaḥ
svargaṃ triviṣṭapaṃ prāpya yat akurvata tat śṛṇu

3. Vaiśampāyana said: "Listen to what your ancestors, led by Yudhiṣṭhira and others, did after attaining the celestial realm."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The sage Vaiśampāyana, narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (by Vaiśampāyana) (said, spoke)

• स्वर्गं (svargaṁ) - the specific realm attained after death (heaven, celestial realm)

• त्रिविष्टपं (triviṣṭapaṁ) - a synonym for svarga, the celestial abode (heaven, the triple heaven)

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached the celestial realm (having obtained, having reached, having attained)

• तव (tava) - Janamejaya's ancestors (your, of you)

• पूर्वपितामहाः (pūrvapitāmahāḥ) - Janamejaya's ancestors, the Pāṇḍavas and Dhārtarāṣṭras (ancestors, great-grandfathers, forefathers)

• युधिष्ठिरप्रभृतयः (yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛtayaḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas, with Yudhiṣṭhira as their leader (Yudhiṣṭhira and others, led by Yudhiṣṭhira)

• यत् (yat) - referring to the actions performed by the ancestors (what (relative pronoun))

• अकुर्वत (akurvata) - the actions performed by Yudhiṣṭhira and others (they did, they performed)

• तत् (tat) - referring back to 'what they did' (yat) (that (demonstrative pronoun))

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - Vaiśampāyana instructs Janamejaya to listen (listen, hear (imperative))

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The sage Vaiśampāyana, narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Vaiśaṃpāyana

Vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a pupil of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said (by Vaiśampāyana) (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

root vac, perfect 3rd singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

स्वर्गं (svargaṁ) - the specific realm attained after death (heaven, celestial realm)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial realm

त्रिविष्टपं (triviṣṭapaṁ) - a synonym for svarga, the celestial abode (heaven, the triple heaven)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of triviṣṭapa

triviṣṭapa - heaven, the triple heaven (a specific celestial region)

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached the celestial realm (having obtained, having reached, having attained)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

from pra- + āp, with -ya suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

तव (tava) - Janamejaya's ancestors (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

पूर्वपितामहाः (pūrvapitāmahāḥ) - Janamejaya's ancestors, the Pāṇḍavas and Dhārtarāṣṭras (ancestors, great-grandfathers, forefathers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pūrvapitāmaha

pūrvapitāmaha - ancestor, great-grandfather, forefather

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pūrva+pitāmaha)

• pūrva – former, ancient, previous
  adjective (masculine)
• pitāmaha – paternal grandfather, ancestor
  noun (masculine)

युधिष्ठिरप्रभृतयः (yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛtayaḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas, with Yudhiṣṭhira as their leader (Yudhiṣṭhira and others, led by Yudhiṣṭhira)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of Yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛti

Yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛti - Yudhiṣṭhira and so on, led by Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (Yudhiṣṭhira+prabhṛti)

• Yudhiṣṭhira – name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother
  proper noun (masculine)
  Compound: firm in battle (yudhi sthira)
• prabhṛti – beginning, starting from, and so on
  noun (feminine)
  from pra- + bhṛ (to bear)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

यत् (yat) - referring to the actions performed by the ancestors (what (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who (relative pronoun)

Note: Functions as object of akurvata.

अकुर्वत (akurvata) - the actions performed by Yudhiṣṭhira and others (they did, they performed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

imperfect middle

root kṛ, 3rd plural imperfect middle

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत् (tat) - referring back to 'what they did' (yat) (that (demonstrative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that which (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Object of 'śṛṇu'.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - Vaiśampāyana instructs Janamejaya to listen (listen, hear (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative active

root śru, 2nd singular imperative active

Root: śru (class 5)

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