महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-18, chapter-1, verse-15

स एष क्षत्रधर्मेण स्थानमेतदवाप्तवान् ।
भये महति योऽभीतो बभूव पृथिवीपतिः ॥१५॥

15. sa eṣa kṣatradharmeṇa sthānametadavāptavān ,
bhaye mahati yo'bhīto babhūva pṛthivīpatiḥ.

15. saḥ eṣaḥ kṣatradharmeṇa sthānam etat avāptavān
bhaye mahati yaḥ abhītaḥ babhūva pṛthivīpatiḥ

15. saḥ eṣaḥ pṛthivīpatiḥ yaḥ mahati bhaye abhītaḥ babhūva,
kṣatradharmeṇa etat sthānam avāptavān

15. This very person, the lord of the earth, attained this position by adhering to the intrinsic nature (kṣatra dharma) of a warrior, remaining fearless in great danger.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, he

• क्षत्रधर्मेण (kṣatradharmeṇa) - by the `dharma` of a warrior, by the intrinsic nature of a kṣatriya

• स्थानम् (sthānam) - place, position, state

• एतत् (etat) - this

• अवाप्तवान् (avāptavān) - attained, reached, obtained

• भये (bhaye) - in fear, in danger

• महति (mahati) - great, in great

• यः (yaḥ) - who

• अभीतः (abhītaḥ) - fearless

• बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

• पृथिवीपतिः (pṛthivīpatiḥ) - lord of the earth, king

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

क्षत्रधर्मेण (kṣatradharmeṇa) - by the `dharma` of a warrior, by the intrinsic nature of a kṣatriya

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣatradharma

kṣatradharma - the duty or intrinsic nature (dharma) of a kṣatriya (warrior/ruler)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatra+dharma)

• kṣatra – rule, power, dominion, warrior class
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature (dharma), righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

स्थानम् (sthānam) - place, position, state

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, stand, position, state, station

From root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

अवाप्तवान् (avāptavān) - attained, reached, obtained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avāpta

avāpta - attained, reached, obtained

Past Active Participle (kṛt)

From root āp with prefix ava, suffixed with -vat

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

भये (bhaye) - in fear, in danger

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, danger

From root bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

महति (mahati) - great, in great

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

यः (yaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

अभीतः (abhītaḥ) - fearless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhīta

abhīta - fearless, undaunted

Past Passive Participle (from bhī)

Negative particle 'a' + Past Passive Participle of root bhī (to fear)

Compound type : nah (a+bhīta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• bhīta – frightened, scared
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhī (to fear)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect tense, parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

पृथिवीपतिः (pṛthivīpatiḥ) - lord of the earth, king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛthivīpati

pṛthivīpati - lord of the earth, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+pati)

• pṛthivī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband, ruler
  noun (masculine)