महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-17, chapter-2, verse-24

भो भो राजन्नवेक्षस्व पतितोऽहं प्रियस्तव ।
किंनिमित्तं च पतनं ब्रूहि मे यदि वेत्थ ह ॥२४॥

24. bho bho rājannavekṣasva patito'haṁ priyastava ,
kiṁnimittaṁ ca patanaṁ brūhi me yadi vettha ha.

24. bho bho rājan avekṣasva patitaḥ aham priyaḥ tava
kimnimittam ca patanam brūhi me yadi vettha ha

24. bho bho rājan avekṣasva aham tava priyaḥ patitaḥ
ca kimnimittam patanam me brūhi yadi ha vettha

24. O King, O King! Look at me, your dear one, I have fallen. Tell me the reason for this fall, if you indeed know it.

Words meanings summery:

• भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle)

• भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King!

• अवेक्षस्व (avekṣasva) - look at me (look at, observe, regard)

• पतितः (patitaḥ) - I have fallen (fallen, one who has fallen)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• प्रियः (priyaḥ) - your dear one (dear, beloved)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• किम्निमित्तम् (kimnimittam) - what cause, for what reason

• च (ca) - and, also

• पतनम् (patanam) - falling, fall

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

• मे (me) - tell me (to me, for me)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• वेत्थ (vettha) - you know

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely

Words meanings and morphology

भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle)

(indeclinable)

भो (bho) - O! (vocative particle)

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O King!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

अवेक्षस्व (avekṣasva) - look at me (look at, observe, regard)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (lot) of avekṣ

Imperative middle second person singular

Derived from ava- (prefix) + root īkṣ (to see, look at).

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

पतितः (patitaḥ) - I have fallen (fallen, one who has fallen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, degraded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall) + suffix -kta

Root: pat (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, myself

प्रियः (priyaḥ) - your dear one (dear, beloved)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, favorite, one's own

Note: Adjective modifying 'aham'.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

किम्निमित्तम् (kimnimittam) - what cause, for what reason

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kimnimitta

kimnimitta - what cause, for what reason

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kim+nimitta)

• kim – what, which, who
  pronoun (neuter)
• nimitta – cause, reason, mark, omen
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पतनम् (patanam) - falling, fall

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of patana

patana - falling, descending, a fall, degradation

Verbal Noun

Derived from root pat (to fall) + suffix -ana (kṛt pratyaya)

Root: pat (class 1)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of brū

Imperative active second person singular

Derived from root brū (to speak).

Root: brū (class 2)

मे (me) - tell me (to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, myself

Note: Enclitic form of the pronoun 'asmad'.

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

वेत्थ (vettha) - you know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vid

Perfect active second person singular

Irregular perfect form of root vid (2nd conjugation). Often used with present meaning.

Root: vid (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)