महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-17, chapter-2, verse-10

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
आत्मनः सदृशं प्राज्ञं नैषोऽमन्यत कंचन ।
तेन दोषेण पतितस्तस्मादेष नृपात्मजः ॥१०॥

10. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
ātmanaḥ sadṛśaṁ prājñaṁ naiṣo'manyata kaṁcana ,
tena doṣeṇa patitastasmādeṣa nṛpātmajaḥ.

10. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca ātmanaḥ sadṛśam prājñam na eṣaḥ amanyata
kaṃcana tena doṣeṇa patitaḥ tasmāt eṣaḥ nṛpātmajaḥ

10. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca eṣaḥ ātmanaḥ prājñam sadṛśam kaṃcana
na amanyata tena doṣeṇa patitaḥ tasmāt eṣaḥ nṛpātmajaḥ

10. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "He did not consider anyone equal to his own self (ātman) in wisdom. He has fallen due to that fault. Therefore, this son of the king has fallen."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - Refers to Sahadeva's own self. (of the self, of his own)

• सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - Accusative singular, masculine/neuter, qualifying 'prājñam' and 'kaṃcana'. (equal, similar, like)

• प्राज्ञम् (prājñam) - Accusative singular, masculine, refers to 'anyone' (kaṃcana). (wise, intelligent, learned (accusative singular))

• न (na) - Negates 'amanyata'. (not, no)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Sahadeva. (this (masculine, nominative singular))

• अमन्यत (amanyata) - considered, thought, believed

• कंचन (kaṁcana) - Refers to any other person. (anyone, someone (accusative singular))

• तेन (tena) - Refers to 'doṣa' (fault). (by that, with that (masculine/neuter, instrumental singular))

• दोषेण (doṣeṇa) - The fault is Sahadeva's pride in his own wisdom. (by the fault, due to the defect)

• पतितः (patitaḥ) - Masculine nominative singular, refers to Sahadeva. (fallen, having fallen)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Sahadeva. (this (masculine, nominative singular))

• नृपात्मजः (nṛpātmajaḥ) - Refers to Sahadeva, son of King Pāṇḍu. (son of the king)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava, steadfast in battle)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Form of √vac (to speak) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Reduplication, original 'va' drops and becomes 'u' as per specific sandhi rules.

Root: vac (class 2)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - Refers to Sahadeva's own self. (of the self, of his own)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Root: an

सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - Accusative singular, masculine/neuter, qualifying 'prājñam' and 'kaṃcana'. (equal, similar, like)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - similar, equal, like

Formed from sa (with) + dṛś (appearance)

Root: dṛś

प्राज्ञम् (prājñam) - Accusative singular, masculine, refers to 'anyone' (kaṃcana). (wise, intelligent, learned (accusative singular))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, learned, omniscient

From pra (prefix) + jñā (knowledge), meaning one who has special knowledge

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

न (na) - Negates 'amanyata'. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Sahadeva. (this (masculine, nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Masculine nominative singular of etad (this)

अमन्यत (amanyata) - considered, thought, believed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of man

Imperfect Middle

Form of √man (to think) in imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada), with augment 'a'

Root: man (class 4)

कंचन (kaṁcana) - Refers to any other person. (anyone, someone (accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaścana

kaścana - anyone, someone

Masculine accusative singular of kaścana (someone, anyone), derived from kim (who) + cana (particle for indefiniteness)

तेन (tena) - Refers to 'doṣa' (fault). (by that, with that (masculine/neuter, instrumental singular))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, by that

Masculine/Neuter instrumental singular of tad (that)

दोषेण (doṣeṇa) - The fault is Sahadeva's pride in his own wisdom. (by the fault, due to the defect)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, sin

Root: duṣ

पतितः (patitaḥ) - Masculine nominative singular, refers to Sahadeva. (fallen, having fallen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √pat (to fall) with suffix -ita

Root: pat (class 1)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of tad (that), used adverbially

एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Sahadeva. (this (masculine, nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Masculine nominative singular of etad (this)

नृपात्मजः (nṛpātmajaḥ) - Refers to Sahadeva, son of King Pāṇḍu. (son of the king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpātmaja

nṛpātmaja - son of a king, prince

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+ātmaja)

• nṛpa – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From nṛ (man) + √pā (to protect)
• ātmaja – son, offspring, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)
  From ātman (self) + √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)