महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-17, chapter-2, verse-12

कृष्णां निपतितां दृष्ट्वा सहदेवं च पाण्डवम् ।
आर्तो बन्धुप्रियः शूरो नकुलो निपपात ह ॥१२॥

12. kṛṣṇāṁ nipatitāṁ dṛṣṭvā sahadevaṁ ca pāṇḍavam ,
ārto bandhupriyaḥ śūro nakulo nipapāta ha.

12. kṛṣṇām nipatitām dṛṣṭvā sahadevam ca pāṇḍavam
artaḥ bandhupriyaḥ śūraḥ nakulaḥ nipapāta ha

12. Seeing Kṛṣṇā fallen and also Sahadeva, the Pandava, the distressed, kinsman-loving, heroic Nakula indeed fell down.

Words meanings summery:

• कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Draupadi (the wife of the Pandavas) (Draupadi (the dark one))

• निपतिताम् (nipatitām) - fallen, collapsed

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• सहदेवम् (sahadevam) - Sahadeva

• च (ca) - and, also

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Sahadeva (as a son of Pandu) (a descendant of Pandu, son of Pandu)

• अर्तः (artaḥ) - distressed, afflicted, suffering

• बन्धुप्रियः (bandhupriyaḥ) - dear to kinsmen, loving kinsmen, fond of relatives

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - heroic, brave, valiant

• नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

• निपपात (nipapāta) - fell down, collapsed

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (an emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Draupadi (the wife of the Pandavas) (Draupadi (the dark one))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - Draupadi (the dark-complexioned princess); black, dark

निपतिताम् (nipatitām) - fallen, collapsed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen, descended, collapsed

Past Passive Participle

From root pat with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Kṛṣṇām.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सहदेवम् (sahadevam) - Sahadeva

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (name of the youngest Pandava brother)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Sahadeva (as a son of Pandu) (a descendant of Pandu, son of Pandu)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, son of Pandu

Derived from Paṇḍu (Paṇḍu + aṇ suffix)

Note: Agrees with Sahadevam.

अर्तः (artaḥ) - distressed, afflicted, suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, afflicted, suffering, hurt, pained

Past Passive Participle

From root ṛ ('to go, move, suffer') with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Agrees with Nakulaḥ.

बन्धुप्रियः (bandhupriyaḥ) - dear to kinsmen, loving kinsmen, fond of relatives

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandhupriya

bandhupriya - dear to kinsmen, loving kinsmen, fond of relatives

Compound type : tatpurusha or bahuvrihi (bandhu+priya)

• bandhu – kinsman, relative, friend
  noun (masculine)
• priya – dear, beloved, favorite; a lover
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Nakulaḥ.

शूरः (śūraḥ) - heroic, brave, valiant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - heroic, brave, valiant; a hero

Note: Agrees with Nakulaḥ.

नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - Nakula (name of one of the Pandava brothers); mongoose

निपपात (nipapāta) - fell down, collapsed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pat

perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Perfect tense (liṭ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, root pat (class 1) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)