महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-16, verse-9

यद्विनष्टाः कुरुश्रेष्ठा राजानश्च सहस्रशः ।
सर्वं दैवकृतं तद्वै कोऽत्र किं वक्तुमर्हति ॥९॥

9. yadvinaṣṭāḥ kuruśreṣṭhā rājānaśca sahasraśaḥ ,
sarvaṁ daivakṛtaṁ tadvai ko'tra kiṁ vaktumarhati.

9. yat vinaṣṭāḥ kuruśreṣṭhāḥ rājānaḥ ca sahasraśaḥ
sarvam daivakṛtam tat vai kaḥ atra kim vaktum arhati

9. kuruśreṣṭhāḥ,
yat sahasraśaḥ rājānaḥ ca vinaṣṭāḥ,
tat sarvam vai daivakṛtam.
kaḥ atra kim vaktum arhati?

9. O best of the Kurus, the fact that thousands of kings have perished, all of this is indeed brought about by divine will. Who among us here can say anything (to change it)?

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - because, since (which, that, because, since)

• विनष्टाः (vinaṣṭāḥ) - have perished (perished, destroyed, ruined)

• कुरुश्रेष्ठाः (kuruśreṣṭhāḥ) - O best of the Kurus (O best among the Kurus, foremost of the Kurus)

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands (by thousands, thousands of)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of this (all, whole, entire)

• दैवकृतम् (daivakṛtam) - brought about by divine will (done by fate, divinely ordained, act of god)

• तत् (tat) - this (referring to "all") (that, it)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (indeed, certainly, surely)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

• अत्र (atra) - among us here (here, in this matter, in this case)

• किम् (kim) - anything (implied, as in "what can one say?") (what, why)

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to say (anything) (to speak, to say)

• अर्हति (arhati) - is able (to say) (is able, deserves, ought)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - because, since (which, that, because, since)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often functions as a subordinating conjunction.

विनष्टाः (vinaṣṭāḥ) - have perished (perished, destroyed, ruined)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vinaṣṭa

vinaṣṭa - perished, destroyed, ruined

Past Passive Participle

From vi- + root naś (to perish, be lost).

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Functions predicatively here, describing the kings.

कुरुश्रेष्ठाः (kuruśreṣṭhāḥ) - O best of the Kurus (O best among the Kurus, foremost of the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of kuruśreṣṭha

kuruśreṣṭha - best among the Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+śreṣṭha)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king and his descendants)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, foremost
  adjective
  Superlative of praśasya/praśasta (excellent).

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands (by thousands, thousands of)

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix -śas indicating distribution or manner.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of this (all, whole, entire)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Refers to the entire situation described.

दैवकृतम् (daivakṛtam) - brought about by divine will (done by fate, divinely ordained, act of god)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daivakṛta

daivakṛta - done by fate, divinely ordained

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daiva+kṛta)

• daiva – divine, relating to fate, destiny, god
  noun (neuter)
  From deva + -a.
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत् (tat) - this (referring to "all") (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Corresponds to `yat`.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (indeed, certainly, surely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

अत्र (atra) - among us here (here, in this matter, in this case)

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - anything (implied, as in "what can one say?") (what, why)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: Used here in an rhetorical question.

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to say (anything) (to speak, to say)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

अर्हति (arhati) - is able (to say) (is able, deserves, ought)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)