महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-16, verse-1

ब्राह्मण उवाच ।
न तद्दुर्योधनकृतं न च तद्भवता कृतम् ।
न कर्णसौबलाभ्यां च कुरवो यत्क्षयं गताः ॥१॥

1. brāhmaṇa uvāca ,
na tadduryodhanakṛtaṁ na ca tadbhavatā kṛtam ,
na karṇasaubalābhyāṁ ca kuravo yatkṣayaṁ gatāḥ.

1. brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca na tat duryodhanakṛtam na ca tat bhavatā
kṛtam na karṇasaubalābhyām ca kuravaḥ yat kṣayam gatāḥ

1. brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca yat kuravaḥ kṣayam gatāḥ tat duryodhanakṛtam
na ca tat bhavatā kṛtam na ca karṇasaubalābhyām na

1. The brahmin said, "That destruction of the Kurus was not caused by Duryodhana, nor by you, nor by Karna and Saubala (Shakuni)."

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brahmin, one of the priestly class

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• तत् (tat) - that

• दुर्योधनकृतम् (duryodhanakṛtam) - done by Duryodhana, caused by Duryodhana

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• तत् (tat) - that

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you (respectfully)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made

• न (na) - not, no

• कर्णसौबलाभ्याम् (karṇasaubalābhyām) - by Karna and Saubala (Shakuni)

• च (ca) - and, also

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - Kurus (members of the Kuru dynasty)

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• क्षयम् (kṣayam) - destruction, decay, loss

• गताः (gatāḥ) - went to, attained (destruction) (gone, reached, resorted to)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brahmin, one of the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, a man of the priestly class, one who knows or worships Brahman

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of uvāca

Perfect Active

Perfect form of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दुर्योधनकृतम् (duryodhanakṛtam) - done by Duryodhana, caused by Duryodhana

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duryodhanakṛta

duryodhanakṛta - done by Duryodhana

Past Passive Participle

Compound of proper noun and past passive participle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+kṛta)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (proper name of the eldest Kaurava prince)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṛta – done, made, performed, accomplished
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भवता (bhavatā) - by you (respectfully)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, your grace (polite address for 'you')

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कर्णसौबलाभ्याम् (karṇasaubalābhyām) - by Karna and Saubala (Shakuni)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of karṇasaubala

karṇasaubala - Karna and Saubala (Shakuni)

Dvandva compound of two proper nouns

Compound type : itaretara dvandva (karṇa+saubala)

• karṇa – Karna (proper name of a hero in Mahabharata)
  proper noun (masculine)
• saubala – Shakuni (son of Subala), relating to Subala
  proper noun (masculine)
  Derivative from Subala, king of Gandhara

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - Kurus (members of the Kuru dynasty)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (proper name of an ancient king and his descendants)

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that which

क्षयम् (kṣayam) - destruction, decay, loss

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, loss, decay, end

Root: kṣi (class 1)

गताः (gatāḥ) - went to, attained (destruction) (gone, reached, resorted to)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, past, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)