महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-16, verse-23

स राजन्मानसं दुःखमपनीय युधिष्ठिरात् ।
कुरु कार्याणि धर्म्याणि नमस्ते भरतर्षभ ॥२३॥

23. sa rājanmānasaṁ duḥkhamapanīya yudhiṣṭhirāt ,
kuru kāryāṇi dharmyāṇi namaste bharatarṣabha.

23. sa rājan mānasam duḥkham apanīya yudhiṣṭhirāt
kuru kāryāṇi dharmyāṇi namaḥ te bharatarṣabha

23. rājan bharatarṣabha sa yudhiṣṭhirāt mānasam duḥkham apanīya dharmyāṇi kāryāṇi kuru.
te namaḥ

23. O King, O best of the Bhāratas, remove this mental sorrow from Yudhiṣṭhira, and perform your righteous (dharma-related) duties. Salutations to you.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - you (referring to the king addressed) (he, that)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• मानसम् (mānasam) - mental, of the mind, spiritual

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery

• अपनीय (apanīya) - having removed, having taken away, having dispelled

• युधिष्ठिरात् (yudhiṣṭhirāt) - from Yudhiṣṭhira

• कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

• कार्याणि (kāryāṇi) - duties, actions, tasks, things to be done

• धर्म्याणि (dharmyāṇi) - righteous, proper, in accordance with (dharma)

• नमः (namaḥ) - salutation, obeisance

• ते (te) - to you

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of the Bhāratas)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - you (referring to the king addressed) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root √rāj (to rule, shine).

Root: √rāj (class 1)

Note: Addresses Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

मानसम् (mānasam) - mental, of the mind, spiritual

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mānasa

mānasa - mental, of the mind, spiritual, pertaining to the mind (manas)

Derived from 'manas' (mind).

Note: Agrees with 'duḥkham'.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery

From 'dus' (bad, difficult) + 'kha' (axle-hole, space).

अपनीय (apanīya) - having removed, having taken away, having dispelled

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund) with prefix

Absolutive form of √nī with upasarga 'apa'.

Prefix: apa

Root: √nī (class 1)

Note: The action performed before the main verb 'kuru'.

युधिष्ठिरात् (yudhiṣṭhirāt) - from Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

Lit. "firm in battle" (yudhi sthira).

Note: Indicates the source from which sorrow is removed.

कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √kṛ

Imperative Active

2nd person singular imperative form of √kṛ.

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

कार्याणि (kāryāṇi) - duties, actions, tasks, things to be done

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of kārya

kārya - duty, action, task, thing to be done, business

Gerundive (future passive participle) used as a noun

From √kṛ (to do) with suffix -ya (or -ṇya).

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

धर्म्याणि (dharmyāṇi) - righteous, proper, in accordance with (dharma)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dharmya

dharmya - righteous, proper, just, lawful, in accordance with (dharma)

Derived from 'dharma' with suffix -ya.

Note: Agrees with 'kāryāṇi'.

नमः (namaḥ) - salutation, obeisance

(indeclinable)

From √nam (to bow).

Root: √nam (class 1)

ते (te) - to you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvam

tvam - you (singular)

Second person pronoun.

Note: Recipient of the salutation.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of the Bhāratas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of the Bhāratas, bull among the Bhāratas

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'bharata' (descendant of Bharata) + 'ṛṣabha' (bull, best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of an ancient king, India
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addresses Dhṛtarāṣṭra.