महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-89, verse-15

ततो द्वितीये दिवसे महाञ्शब्दो व्यवर्धत ।
आयाति पुरुषव्याघ्रे पाण्डवानां धुरंधरे ॥१५॥

15. tato dvitīye divase mahāñśabdo vyavardhata ,
āyāti puruṣavyāghre pāṇḍavānāṁ dhuraṁdhare.

15. tataḥ dvitīye divase mahān śabdaḥ vyavardhata
āyāti puruṣavyāghre pāṇḍavānām dhurandhare

15. tataḥ dvitīye divase mahān śabdaḥ vyavardhata
pāṇḍavānām dhurandhare puruṣavyāghre āyāti

15. Then, on the second day, a great commotion arose as the man-tiger, the chief (dhurandhara) of the Pāṇḍavas, was arriving.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, thereafter, from there)

• द्वितीये (dvitīye) - on the second (on the second, in the second)

• दिवसे (divase) - on the day (on the day, in the day)

• महान् (mahān) - great, loud (as in commotion) (great, large, mighty)

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - commotion, great sound (sound, noise, word)

• व्यवर्धत (vyavardhata) - it arose, it increased (it grew, it increased, it arose)

• आयाति (āyāti) - was arriving, is coming (comes, is coming, arrives)

• पुरुषव्याघ्रे (puruṣavyāghre) - while the man-tiger (Arjuna) (in the man-tiger, to the man-tiger, while the man-tiger)

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• धुरन्धरे (dhurandhare) - the leader (of the Pāṇḍavas) (in the leader, to the bearer of the yoke)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, thereafter, from there)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

द्वितीये (dvitīye) - on the second (on the second, in the second)

(numeral adjective)

Note: Qualifies divase.

दिवसे (divase) - on the day (on the day, in the day)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divasa

divasa - day

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Indicates time.

महान् (mahān) - great, loud (as in commotion) (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Note: Qualifies śabdaḥ.

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - commotion, great sound (sound, noise, word)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, voice

Note: Subject of vyavardhata.

व्यवर्धत (vyavardhata) - it arose, it increased (it grew, it increased, it arose)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vi-vṛdh

From root vṛdh (1st class 'to grow') with upasarga vi, imperfect tense (laṅ), middle voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

आयाति (āyāti) - was arriving, is coming (comes, is coming, arrives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ā-yā

From root yā (2nd class 'to go') with upasarga ā, present tense (laṭ).

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Predicate verb within the locative absolute.

पुरुषव्याघ्रे (puruṣavyāghre) - while the man-tiger (Arjuna) (in the man-tiger, to the man-tiger, while the man-tiger)

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: vi+ā

Note: Subject of the locative absolute construction.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, one of the Pāṇḍavas

Derived from Pāṇḍu (name of their father)

Note: Possessive, related to dhurandhare.

धुरन्धरे (dhurandhare) - the leader (of the Pāṇḍavas) (in the leader, to the bearer of the yoke)

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhur+dhara)

• dhur – yoke, burden, responsibility, chief place
  noun (feminine)
• dhara – bearing, holding, sustaining
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root dhṛ 'to bear'
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies puruṣavyāghre within the locative absolute construction.