महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-89, verse-12

तथा कथयतामेव तेषामर्जुनसंकथाः ।
उपायाद्वचनान्मर्त्यो विजयस्य महात्मनः ॥१२॥

12. tathā kathayatāmeva teṣāmarjunasaṁkathāḥ ,
upāyādvacanānmartyo vijayasya mahātmanaḥ.

12. tathā kathayatām eva teṣām arjunasaṃkathāḥ
upāyāt vacanāt martyaḥ vijayasya mahātmanaḥ

12. tathā teṣām eva arjunasaṃkathāḥ kathayatām
martyaḥ mahātmanaḥ vijayasya vacanāt upāyāt

12. Thus, while they were narrating the stories of Arjuna, a man approached, prompted by the words of the great-souled Arjuna (Vijaya).

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, accordingly (thus, so, in that way)

• कथयताम् (kathayatām) - of those who were narrating (of those narrating, of those telling)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• अर्जुनसंकथाः (arjunasaṁkathāḥ) - the stories about Arjuna (stories about Arjuna, tales of Arjuna)

• उपायात् (upāyāt) - approached, arrived (approached, arrived, came near)

• वचनात् (vacanāt) - prompted by the words, from the message (from a word, from a statement, by means of speech)

• मर्त्यः (martyaḥ) - a man (presumably a messenger) (a mortal, a man, a human being)

• विजयस्य (vijayasya) - of Arjuna (who is also known as Vijaya) (of victory; of Vijaya (a name/epithet))

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one (referring to Arjuna) (of the great-souled, of the magnanimous)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, accordingly (thus, so, in that way)

(indeclinable)

कथयताम् (kathayatām) - of those who were narrating (of those narrating, of those telling)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kathayat

kathayat - narrating, telling

Present Active Participle

From root kath (10th class 'to tell') with śatṛ affix

Root: kath (class 10)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tat

tat - that, he, she, it

Note: Referring to unspecified people who were narrating.

अर्जुनसंकथाः (arjunasaṁkathāḥ) - the stories about Arjuna (stories about Arjuna, tales of Arjuna)

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpurusha (arjuna+saṃkathā)

• arjuna – Arjuna (proper name); white, clear
  proper noun (masculine)
• saṃkathā – conversation, discourse, story, narration
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kath (class 10)

Note: The stories were the object of narration.

उपायात् (upāyāt) - approached, arrived (approached, arrived, came near)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of upā-i

From root i (2nd class 'to go') with upasarga upa and ā

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Augmented past tense.

वचनात् (vacanāt) - prompted by the words, from the message (from a word, from a statement, by means of speech)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, saying

From root vac 'to speak' + ana suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Indicates the cause or source.

मर्त्यः (martyaḥ) - a man (presumably a messenger) (a mortal, a man, a human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of martya

martya - mortal, human being, man

From root mṛ 'to die' + ty affix

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Subject of upāyāt.

विजयस्य (vijayasya) - of Arjuna (who is also known as Vijaya) (of victory; of Vijaya (a name/epithet))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph; a name/epithet (e.g., of Arjuna)

From root ji 'to conquer' with upasarga vi

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one (referring to Arjuna) (of the great-souled, of the magnanimous)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble-minded; a great person (mahātman)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'vijayasya'.