महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-86, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
इत्युक्त्वानुययौ पार्थो हयं तं कामचारिणम् ।
न्यवर्तत ततो वाजी येन नागाह्वयं पुरम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
ityuktvānuyayau pārtho hayaṁ taṁ kāmacāriṇam ,
nyavartata tato vājī yena nāgāhvayaṁ puram.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca iti uktvā anuyayau pārthaḥ hayam tam
kāmacāriṇam nyavartata tataḥ vājī yena nāgāhvayam puram

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca iti uktvā pārthaḥ tam kāmacāriṇam
hayam anuyayau tataḥ vājī yena nāgāhvayam puram nyavartata

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Having spoken thus, Pārtha (Arjuna) followed that freely wandering horse. From there, the horse turned back towards the city named Nāgāhvaya (Hastināpura).

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage and narrator)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said

• अनुययौ (anuyayau) - followed

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, the son of Pṛthā (Pārtha (Arjuna))

• हयम् (hayam) - horse (accusative)

• तम् (tam) - that (accusative)

• कामचारिणम् (kāmacāriṇam) - freely wandering, moving at will

• न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - returned, turned back

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then

• वाजी (vājī) - horse (nominative)

• येन (yena) - towards where, in which direction (by which, towards which, whither)

• नागाह्वयम् (nāgāhvayam) - the city known as Hastināpura (named Nāgāhvaya (Hastināpura))

• पुरम् (puram) - city (accusative)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage and narrator)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana, a sage, disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of a quotation or preceding statement.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root vac (to speak) + -tvā suffix (irregular formation)

Root: vac (class 2)

अनुययौ (anuyayau) - followed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of anugam

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, the son of Pṛthā (Pārtha (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), an epithet of Arjuna and other Pāṇḍavas

Derived from Pṛthā

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

हयम् (hayam) - horse (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of haya

haya - horse

Note: Object of 'anuyayau'.

तम् (tam) - that (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with and refers to 'hayam'.

कामचारिणम् (kāmacāriṇam) - freely wandering, moving at will

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāmacārin

kāmacārin - moving at will, freely wandering, independent

Compound of kāma (desire) + cārin (moving)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāma+cārin)

• kāma – desire, wish, longing
  noun (masculine)
• cārin – moving, going, performer
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  from root car (to move) + -in suffix
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'hayam'.

न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - returned, turned back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect indicative (laṅ) of nivṛt

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Root 'vṛt' is ātmanepada. 'ny' is from 'ni' + augment 'a' + 'vṛt'.

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then

(indeclinable)

वाजी (vājī) - horse (nominative)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vājin

vājin - horse, spirited, powerful

Note: Subject of 'nyavartata'.

येन (yena) - towards where, in which direction (by which, towards which, whither)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Used here adverbially to mean 'towards where'.

नागाह्वयम् (nāgāhvayam) - the city known as Hastināpura (named Nāgāhvaya (Hastināpura))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāgāhvaya

nāgāhvaya - named Nāga (snake/elephant), an epithet for Hastināpura

Compound: nāga (elephant/snake) + āhvaya (name/call)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nāga+āhvaya)

• nāga – snake, serpent, elephant
  noun (masculine)
• āhvaya – name, appellation, calling
  noun (masculine)
  from root hve (to call) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hve (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'puram'.

पुरम् (puram) - city (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, citadel

Note: Object of direction, implied by 'yena'.