महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-67, verse-23

मया चैतत्प्रतिज्ञातं रणमूर्धनि केशव ।
अभिमन्यौ हते वीर त्वामेष्याम्यचिरादिति ॥२३॥

23. mayā caitatpratijñātaṁ raṇamūrdhani keśava ,
abhimanyau hate vīra tvāmeṣyāmyacirāditi.

23. mayā ca etat pratijñātam raṇamūrdhani keśava
abhimanyau hate vīra tvām eṣyāmi acirāt iti

23. O Keśava, O hero, I made this vow on the battlefield: 'When Abhimanyu is killed, I will soon follow you (in death).'

Words meanings summery:

• मया (mayā) - by me

• च (ca) - and, also

• एतत् (etat) - this

• प्रतिज्ञातम् (pratijñātam) - promised, vowed, declared

• रणमूर्धनि (raṇamūrdhani) - at the forefront of the battle (on the battlefield, at the forefront of battle)

• केशव (keśava) - O Keśava

• अभिमन्यौ (abhimanyau) - when Abhimanyu (regarding Abhimanyu)

• हते (hate) - when killed (having been killed, slain)

• वीर (vīra) - O hero

• त्वाम् (tvām) - to you

• एष्यामि (eṣyāmi) - I will follow (in death) (I will go, I will come)

• अचिरात् (acirāt) - without delay, soon, quickly

• इति (iti) - marks the end of a quote or thought (thus, so)

Words meanings and morphology

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, ego

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

प्रतिज्ञातम् (pratijñātam) - promised, vowed, declared

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratijñāta

pratijñāta - promised, vowed, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root jñā (to know) with upasarga prati- (against, towards) and suffix -ta.

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

रणमूर्धनि (raṇamūrdhani) - at the forefront of the battle (on the battlefield, at the forefront of battle)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇamūrdhan

raṇamūrdhan - forefront of battle, battlefield

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+mūrdhan)

• raṇa – battle, war, fight
  noun (masculine)
• mūrdhan – head, top, forefront
  noun (masculine)

केशव (keśava) - O Keśava

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna)

अभिमन्यौ (abhimanyau) - when Abhimanyu (regarding Abhimanyu)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of abhimanyu

abhimanyu - Abhimanyu (son of Arjuna and Subhadrā)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'hate'.

हते (hate) - when killed (having been killed, slain)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root han (to strike, kill) with suffix -ta.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'abhimanyau'.

वीर (vīra) - O hero

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

त्वाम् (tvām) - to you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

एष्यामि (eṣyāmi) - I will follow (in death) (I will go, I will come)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (ḷṛṭ) of i

Future Tense

Root i, future suffix -syā- and first person singular ending -mi.

Root: i (class 2)

अचिरात् (acirāt) - without delay, soon, quickly

(indeclinable)

From a- (not) + cira (long time), in ablative form used as an adverb.

इति (iti) - marks the end of a quote or thought (thus, so)

(indeclinable)