महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-48, verse-27

तत्र नो विहता प्रज्ञा मनश्च बहुलीकृतम् ।
एतदाख्यातुमिच्छामः श्रेयः किमिति सत्तम ॥२७॥

27. tatra no vihatā prajñā manaśca bahulīkṛtam ,
etadākhyātumicchāmaḥ śreyaḥ kimiti sattama.

27. tatra naḥ vihatā prajñā manaḥ ca bahulīkṛtam
etat ākhyātum icchāmaḥ śreyaḥ kim iti sattama

27. sattama,
tatra naḥ prajñā vihatā (asti),
ca manaḥ bahulīkṛtam (asti) (vayam) etat kim śreyaḥ iti ākhyātum icchāmaḥ

27. Because of this, our wisdom is impaired, and our minds are greatly confused. We wish to know this: What, O best one, is truly superior?

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that matter, because of that

• नः (naḥ) - our, to us

• विहता (vihatā) - impaired, destroyed, impeded, confused

• प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom, intellect, understanding

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, heart

• च (ca) - and

• बहुलीकृतम् (bahulīkṛtam) - made manifold, increased, confused, diversified

• एतत् (etat) - this

• आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to explain, to narrate

• इच्छामः (icchāmaḥ) - we desire, we wish

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - superior, better, welfare

• किम् (kim) - what? which?

• इति (iti) - thus, meaning

• सत्तम (sattama) - O best one, O most excellent one

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that matter, because of that

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to previous context.

नः (naḥ) - our, to us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Enclitic genitive/dative/accusative plural of `asmad`.

Note: Possessive, "our".

विहता (vihatā) - impaired, destroyed, impeded, confused

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vihata

vihata - struck down, destroyed, impeded, confused, disappointed

Past Passive Participle

From vi-han (to strike, destroy).

Prefix: vi

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Acts as an adjective for `prajñā`.

प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom, intellect, understanding

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, intelligence, understanding, discernment

From pra-jñā (to know thoroughly).

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, heart

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, consciousness, thought

From root man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

बहुलीकृतम् (bahulīkṛtam) - made manifold, increased, confused, diversified

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bahulīkṛta

bahulīkṛta - made abundant, made manifold, diversified, confused

Past Passive Participle (causative of bahula + kṛ)

From bahulī-kṛ (to make manifold, to diversify).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Acts as an adjective for `manaḥ`.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the question that follows.

आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to explain, to narrate

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of ākhyātum

Infinitive

From ā-khyā (to tell).

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: An infinitive.

इच्छामः (icchāmaḥ) - we desire, we wish

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of icch

From root iṣ (present stem icch).

Root: iṣ (class 6)

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - superior, better, welfare

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - better, best, superior, welfare, prosperity, good fortune

Comparative form of śrī (prosperity, glory).

Note: Part of the question "what is superior".

किम् (kim) - what? which?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

Interrogative pronoun/adverb.

Note: Interrogative, "what".

इति (iti) - thus, meaning

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the content of the question.

सत्तम (sattama) - O best one, O most excellent one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sattama

sattama - best, most excellent

Superlative form of sat (good, excellent).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Addressed to the listener.