महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-48, verse-19

कर्म केचित्प्रशंसन्ति प्रशान्तिमपि चापरे ।
देशकालावुभौ केचिन्नैतदस्तीति चापरे ।
केचिन्मोक्षं प्रशंसन्ति केचिद्भोगान्पृथग्विधान् ॥१९॥

19. karma kecitpraśaṁsanti praśāntimapi cāpare ,
deśakālāvubhau kecinnaitadastīti cāpare ,
kecinmokṣaṁ praśaṁsanti kecidbhogānpṛthagvidhān.

19. karma kecit praśaṃsanti praśāntim api
ca apare deśakālau ubhau kecit na
etat asti iti ca apare kecit mokṣaṃ
praśaṃsanti kecit bhogān pṛthagvidhān

19. kecit karma praśaṃsanti api ca apare
praśāntim kecit deśakālau ubhau ca
apare na etat asti iti kecit mokṣaṃ
praśaṃsanti ca kecit pṛthagvidhān bhogān

19. Some commend action (karma), while others praise tranquility. Some consider both place and time (important), while others assert that such things do not exist. Some extol final liberation (mokṣa), while others praise various kinds of worldly enjoyments.

Words meanings summery:

• कर्म (karma) - the principle of action or religious rites (action, deed, work, ritual)

• केचित् (kecit) - some (from the group of 'others') (some, certain ones)

• प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they advocate or approve of (they praise, they commend, they extol)

• प्रशान्तिम् (praśāntim) - the state of inner peace or quietude, often as an ascetic goal (tranquility, peace, calmness)

• अपि (api) - also, even; emphasizing the contrast (also, even, too; a particle of interrogation or emphasis)

• च (ca) - and; connecting contrasting opinions (and, also)

• अपरे (apare) - other (philosophers/thinkers) (others, some others)

• देशकालौ (deśakālau) - both the concepts of place and time (space and time (dual))

• उभौ (ubhau) - both (place and time) (both)

• केचित् (kecit) - some (from the group of 'others') (some, certain ones)

• न (na) - negation of existence (not, no)

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to place and time) (this, that)

• अस्ति (asti) - it exists (is, exists)

• इति (iti) - marking the end of a statement or opinion (thus, as, so saying, indicating direct speech or thought)

• च (ca) - and; connecting contrasting opinions (and, also)

• अपरे (apare) - other (philosophers/thinkers) (others, some others)

• केचित् (kecit) - some (from the group of 'others') (some, certain ones)

• मोक्षं (mokṣaṁ) - final liberation (from cyclic existence) (liberation, release, emancipation)

• प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they advocate or approve of (they praise, they commend, they extol)

• केचित् (kecit) - some (from the group of 'others') (some, certain ones)

• भोगान् (bhogān) - various kinds of worldly pleasures and sensory experiences (enjoyments, worldly pleasures, experiences)

• पृथग्विधान् (pṛthagvidhān) - worldly enjoyments of diverse forms (of various kinds, manifold, diverse)

Words meanings and morphology

कर्म (karma) - the principle of action or religious rites (action, deed, work, ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, fate (result of action)

From root `kṛ` (to do, to make) + suffix `man`

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of `praśaṃsanti`.

केचित् (kecit) - some (from the group of 'others') (some, certain ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka

ka - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun); when combined with `cid` it means 'someone, something, certain'

`ka` (interrogative pronoun) + `cit` (particle)

Note: Used to specify 'some' of the 'others' (`anye`).

प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they advocate or approve of (they praise, they commend, they extol)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of praśaṃs

`pra` (prefix) + root `śaṃs` (to praise, to recite)

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

प्रशान्तिम् (praśāntim) - the state of inner peace or quietude, often as an ascetic goal (tranquility, peace, calmness)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of praśānti

praśānti - perfect peace, tranquility, calmness

`pra` (prefix) + `śānti` (peace), from root `śam` (to be calm)

Prefix: pra

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Object of implied `praśaṃsanti`.

अपि (api) - also, even; emphasizing the contrast (also, even, too; a particle of interrogation or emphasis)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and; connecting contrasting opinions (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice in the verse with `apare` and `anye` for 'and others'.

अपरे (apare) - other (philosophers/thinkers) (others, some others)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another

देशकालौ (deśakālau) - both the concepts of place and time (space and time (dual))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of deśakāla

deśakāla - space and time, place and time

dvandva compound of `deśa` and `kāla`

Compound type : dvandva (deśa+kāla)

• deśa – place, region, space
  noun (masculine)
  Root: diś (class 6)
• kāla – time, season
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal (class 10)

Note: Object of implied verb (e.g., `icchanti` or `manyante`).

उभौ (ubhau) - both (place and time) (both)

(pronoun)

masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Agrees with `deśakālau`.

केचित् (kecit) - some (from the group of 'others') (some, certain ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka

ka - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun); when combined with `cid` it means 'someone, something, certain'

`ka` (interrogative pronoun) + `cit` (particle)

Note: Used to specify 'some' of the 'others' (`anye`).

न (na) - negation of existence (not, no)

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to place and time) (this, that)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to the previously mentioned 'place and time' collectively.

अस्ति (asti) - it exists (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - marking the end of a statement or opinion (thus, as, so saying, indicating direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and; connecting contrasting opinions (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice in the verse with `apare` and `anye` for 'and others'.

अपरे (apare) - other (philosophers/thinkers) (others, some others)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another

केचित् (kecit) - some (from the group of 'others') (some, certain ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka

ka - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun); when combined with `cid` it means 'someone, something, certain'

`ka` (interrogative pronoun) + `cit` (particle)

Note: Used to specify 'some' of the 'others' (`anye`).

मोक्षं (mokṣaṁ) - final liberation (from cyclic existence) (liberation, release, emancipation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, release, emancipation, salvation

From root `muc` (to release, to free) + suffix `sa`

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Object of `praśaṃsanti`.

प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they advocate or approve of (they praise, they commend, they extol)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of praśaṃs

`pra` (prefix) + root `śaṃs` (to praise, to recite)

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

केचित् (kecit) - some (from the group of 'others') (some, certain ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka

ka - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun); when combined with `cid` it means 'someone, something, certain'

`ka` (interrogative pronoun) + `cit` (particle)

Note: Used to specify 'some' of the 'others' (`anye`).

भोगान् (bhogān) - various kinds of worldly pleasures and sensory experiences (enjoyments, worldly pleasures, experiences)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhoga

bhoga - enjoyment, pleasure, possession, experience

From root `bhuj` (to enjoy, to eat)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Object of implied `praśaṃsanti`.

पृथग्विधान् (pṛthagvidhān) - worldly enjoyments of diverse forms (of various kinds, manifold, diverse)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pṛthagvidha

pṛthagvidha - of various kinds, manifold, diverse

`pṛthak` (separate) + `vidha` (kind)

Compound type : avyayībhāva or karmadhāraya (pṛthak+vidha)

• pṛthak – separate, distinct
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)
  from root `vidh` (to arrange, dispose)
  Root: vidh

Note: Qualifies `bhogān`.