महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-32, verse-14

जनक उवाच ।
अन्तवन्त इहारम्भा विदिताः सर्वकर्मसु ।
नाध्यगच्छमहं यस्मान्ममेदमिति यद्भवेत् ॥१४॥

14. janaka uvāca ,
antavanta ihārambhā viditāḥ sarvakarmasu ,
nādhyagacchamahaṁ yasmānmamedamiti yadbhavet.

14. janaka uvāca | antavantaḥ iha ārambhāḥ viditāḥ sarvakarmasu
| na adhyagaccham aham yasmāt mama idam iti yat bhavet

14. janaka uvāca iha sarvakarmasu ārambhāḥ antavantaḥ viditāḥ yasmāt aham idam mama iti yat bhavet,
na adhyagaccham

14. Janaka said: "All undertakings in this world are known to be finite in all actions. Therefore, I have never found anything that I could claim as 'This is mine'."

Words meanings summery:

• जनक (janaka) - King Janaka, the speaker of the verse (Janaka)

• उवाच (uvāca) - (Janaka) said (said, spoke)

• अन्तवन्तः (antavantaḥ) - (undertakings) that have an end (having an end, perishable, transient, finite)

• इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world, now)

• आरम्भाः (ārambhāḥ) - undertakings, endeavors (beginnings, undertakings, enterprises, efforts)

• विदिताः (viditāḥ) - (are) known (known, understood, perceived)

• सर्वकर्मसु (sarvakarmasu) - in all actions/undertakings (in all actions, in all deeds)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अध्यगच्छम् (adhyagaccham) - I did not find/obtain (I did not obtain, I did not find, I did not learn/understand)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, Janaka) (I)

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - therefore, from which (I did not find) (from which, because of which, therefore)

• मम (mama) - mine (my, of me)

• इदम् (idam) - this (thing) (this, this one)

• इति (iti) - (marking a thought or statement) (thus, so, (marks a quotation))

• यत् (yat) - what (might be) (which, what, that)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would be (may be, should be, would be)

Words meanings and morphology

जनक (janaka) - King Janaka, the speaker of the verse (Janaka)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janaka

janaka - Janaka (a king of Videha)

उवाच (uvāca) - (Janaka) said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active third person singular

Root vac (class 2) with reduplication and strengthening of vowel

Root: vac (class 2)

अन्तवन्तः (antavantaḥ) - (undertakings) that have an end (having an end, perishable, transient, finite)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of antavat

antavat - having an end, perishable, finite

Derived from 'anta' (end) + possessive suffix '-vat'

इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world, now)

(indeclinable)

आरम्भाः (ārambhāḥ) - undertakings, endeavors (beginnings, undertakings, enterprises, efforts)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ārambha

ārambha - beginning, undertaking, enterprise, effort

Derived from ā-rambh (to begin)

Prefix: ā

Root: rambh (class 1)

विदिताः (viditāḥ) - (are) known (known, understood, perceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidita

vidita - known, understood, perceived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vid' (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

सर्वकर्मसु (sarvakarmasu) - in all actions/undertakings (in all actions, in all deeds)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sarvakarman

sarvakarman - all actions, all deeds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+karman)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (masculine)
• karman – action, deed, work
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अध्यगच्छम् (adhyagaccham) - I did not find/obtain (I did not obtain, I did not find, I did not learn/understand)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of adhigam

Imperfect active first person singular

Root gam (class 1) with prefix adhi

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: This form is specifically with 'a' prefix for imperfect tense.

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, Janaka) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - therefore, from which (I did not find) (from which, because of which, therefore)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Also functions as a relative adverb meaning 'because of which'.

मम (mama) - mine (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Expresses possession.

इदम् (idam) - this (thing) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Used here in a nominative sense, referring to a general 'thing'.

इति (iti) - (marking a thought or statement) (thus, so, (marks a quotation))

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - what (might be) (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun, referring to 'idam'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - would be (may be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

Optative active third person singular

Root bhū (class 1)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Expresses possibility or potentiality.