महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-32, verse-12

पितृपैतामहे राज्ये वश्ये जनपदे सति ।
ब्रूहि कां बुद्धिमास्थाय ममत्वं वर्जितं त्वया ॥१२॥

12. pitṛpaitāmahe rājye vaśye janapade sati ,
brūhi kāṁ buddhimāsthāya mamatvaṁ varjitaṁ tvayā.

12. pitṛpaitāmahe rājye vaśye janapade sati brūhi
kām buddhim āsthāya mamatvam varjitam tvayā

12. pitṛpaitāmahe rājye vaśye janapade sati tvayā
kām buddhim āsthāya mamatvam varjitam brūhi

12. With an ancestral kingdom, and the populace under your control, tell me, by adopting what kind of understanding (buddhi) have you renounced possessiveness?

Words meanings summery:

• पितृपैतामहे (pitṛpaitāmahe) - in the paternal and ancestral

• राज्ये (rājye) - in the kingdom

• वश्ये (vaśye) - obedient, under control, in subjection

• जनपदे (janapade) - in the country, in the populace, in the state

• सति (sati) - being, existing (locative absolute)

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak (imperative)

• काम् (kām) - what kind of (which (feminine accusative singular))

• बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - understanding, intellect, perception

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having adopted, having taken refuge in

• ममत्वम् (mamatvam) - possessiveness, sense of 'mine-ness'

• वर्जितम् (varjitam) - abandoned, renounced, excluded

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

Words meanings and morphology

पितृपैतामहे (pitṛpaitāmahe) - in the paternal and ancestral

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of pitṛpaitāmaha

pitṛpaitāmaha - paternal and ancestral, inherited from father and forefathers

Derived from pitṛ and pitāmaha.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pitṛ+paitāmaha)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• paitāmaha – ancestral, related to grandfather
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from pitāmaha (grandfather).

राज्ये (rājye) - in the kingdom

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty

Root: rāj (class 1)

वश्ये (vaśye) - obedient, under control, in subjection

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vaśya

vaśya - obedient, submissive, under control

Gerundive

Derived from vaś (to control).

Root: vaś (class 1)

जनपदे (janapade) - in the country, in the populace, in the state

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of janapada

janapada - country, district, populace, state

सति (sati) - being, existing (locative absolute)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, true

Present Active Participle

From root as (2P).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: In this locative absolute construction, 'sati' serves for both masculine 'janapade' and neuter 'rājye', commonly taking the neuter or masculine locative singular form of the participle.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative Active

Root brū (2A/P); 2nd person singular.

Root: brū (class 2)

काम् (kām) - what kind of (which (feminine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, which (interrogative pronoun)

बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - understanding, intellect, perception

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, mind

Root: budh (class 1)

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having adopted, having taken refuge in

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From root sthā (1P) with prefix ā; absolutive form.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

ममत्वम् (mamatvam) - possessiveness, sense of 'mine-ness'

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mamatva

mamatva - possessiveness, sense of 'mine', egoism

Derived from mama ('my') with suffix -tva.

वर्जितम् (varjitam) - abandoned, renounced, excluded

(adjective)

neuter, singular of varjita

varjita - abandoned, renounced, excluded, devoid of

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛj (to abandon); neuter nominative/accusative singular, agreeing with mamatvam.

Root: vṛj (class 1)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)