महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-30, verse-31

ब्राह्मण उवाच ।
इत्युक्तः स तपो घोरं जामदग्न्यः पितामहैः ।
आस्थितः सुमहाभागो ययौ सिद्धिं च दुर्गमाम् ॥३१॥

31. brāhmaṇa uvāca ,
ityuktaḥ sa tapo ghoraṁ jāmadagnyaḥ pitāmahaiḥ ,
āsthitaḥ sumahābhāgo yayau siddhiṁ ca durgamām.

31. brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca iti uktaḥ saḥ tapaḥ ghoram jāmadagnyaḥ
pitāmahaiḥ āsthitaḥ sumahābhāgaḥ yayau siddhim ca durgamām

31. brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca pitāmahaiḥ iti uktaḥ saḥ jāmadagnyaḥ
sumahābhāgaḥ ghoram tapaḥ āsthitaḥ durgamām siddhim ca yayau

31. The Brahmin said: Thus addressed by his grandfathers, Jāmadagnya, the greatly fortunate one, undertook severe asceticism (tapas) and attained a hard-to-reach accomplishment (siddhi).

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - the Brahmin (referring to the speaker) (a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (referring to Jāmadagnya) (spoken, said, addressed)

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Jāmadagnya) (he, that)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism (tapas) (asceticism, penance, heat)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - severe (terrible, dreadful, severe)

• जामदग्न्यः (jāmadagnyaḥ) - Jāmadagnya (Paraśurāma) (son of Jamadagni (Paraśurāma))

• पितामहैः (pitāmahaiḥ) - by his grandfathers (by grandfathers, by ancestors)

• आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - having undertaken (having undertaken, having stood, engaged in)

• सुमहाभागः (sumahābhāgaḥ) - the greatly fortunate one (very fortunate, highly auspicious)

• ययौ (yayau) - attained (went, proceeded, attained)

• सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - accomplishment (siddhi) (accomplishment, success, perfection, supernatural power)

• च (ca) - and

• दुर्गमाम् (durgamām) - hard-to-reach (difficult to reach, inaccessible, hard to attain)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - the Brahmin (referring to the speaker) (a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense

3rd person singular perfect tense of root vac (2nd class, Parasmaipada)

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (referring to Jāmadagnya) (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' and 'jāmadagnyaḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Jāmadagnya) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तपः (tapaḥ) - asceticism (tapas) (asceticism, penance, heat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth; asceticism, penance, religious austerity

Root: tap (class 1)

घोरम् (ghoram) - severe (terrible, dreadful, severe)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, awful, severe

Note: Agrees with 'tapaḥ'.

जामदग्न्यः (jāmadagnyaḥ) - Jāmadagnya (Paraśurāma) (son of Jamadagni (Paraśurāma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāmadagnya

jāmadagnya - descendant of Jamadagni, Paraśurāma

Derived from Jamadagni + ṇya (patronymic affix)

पितामहैः (pitāmahaiḥ) - by his grandfathers (by grandfathers, by ancestors)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, ancestor

आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - having undertaken (having undertaken, having stood, engaged in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsthita

āsthita - undertaken, performed, standing by, being in

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root sthā with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'jāmadagnyaḥ'.

सुमहाभागः (sumahābhāgaḥ) - the greatly fortunate one (very fortunate, highly auspicious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahābhāga

sumahābhāga - very fortunate, greatly blessed, highly auspicious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+mahābhāga)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  prefix
• mahābhāga – great fortune, highly blessed, noble
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'jāmadagnyaḥ'.

ययौ (yayau) - attained (went, proceeded, attained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of yā

perfect tense

3rd person singular perfect tense of root yā (2nd class, Parasmaipada)

Root: yā (class 2)

सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - accomplishment (siddhi) (accomplishment, success, perfection, supernatural power)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siddhi

siddhi - accomplishment, success, perfection, supernatural power, realization

Root: sidh (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दुर्गमाम् (durgamām) - hard-to-reach (difficult to reach, inaccessible, hard to attain)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of durgama

durgama - difficult to reach, inaccessible, hard to attain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+gama)

• dur – bad, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
  prefix
• gama – going, reaching, attaining
  noun (masculine)
  kṛt suffix
  Derived from root gam with suffix a
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'siddhim'.