महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-30, verse-18

अलर्क उवाच ।
श्रुत्वा वै विविधाञ्शब्दांस्तानेव प्रतिगृध्यति ।
तस्माच्छ्रोत्रं प्रति शरान्प्रतिमोक्ष्याम्यहं शितान् ॥१८॥

18. alarka uvāca ,
śrutvā vai vividhāñśabdāṁstāneva pratigṛdhyati ,
tasmācchrotraṁ prati śarānpratimokṣyāmyahaṁ śitān.

18. alarka uvāca | śrutvā vai vividhān śabdān tān eva pratigṛdhyati
| tasmāt śrotram prati śarān pratimokṣyāmi aham śitān

18. alarka uvāca śrutvā vai vividhān śabdān tān eva pratigṛdhyati
tasmāt aham śitān śarān śrotram prati pratimokṣyāmi

18. Alarka said: "Indeed, having heard various sounds, one becomes attached to them alone. Therefore, I will release sharpened arrows towards the ear."

Words meanings summery:

• अलर्क (alarka) - Alarka (a king's name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly

• विविधान् (vividhān) - various, manifold, diverse

• शब्दान् (śabdān) - sounds, words

• तान् (tān) - those, them

• एव (eva) - only, alone, indeed

• प्रतिगृध्यति (pratigṛdhyati) - becomes attached to, desires, craves

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• श्रोत्रम् (śrotram) - ear, sense of hearing

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against, regarding

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• प्रतिमोक्ष्यामि (pratimokṣyāmi) - I will release, I will hurl

• अहम् (aham) - I

• शितान् (śitān) - sharpened, whetted

Words meanings and morphology

अलर्क (alarka) - Alarka (a king's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alarka

alarka - a proper name, Alarka

Note: The visible form 'alarka' without visarga is used as in the source text.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense form

From root vac (class 2), perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Indeclinable participle formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly

(indeclinable)

विविधान् (vividhān) - various, manifold, diverse

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

Note: Agrees with 'śabdān'.

शब्दान् (śabdān) - sounds, words

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word

तान् (tān) - those, them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to 'vividhān śabdān'.

एव (eva) - only, alone, indeed

(indeclinable)

प्रतिगृध्यति (pratigṛdhyati) - becomes attached to, desires, craves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of pratigṛdh

present tense form

From root gṛdh (class 4) with prefix prati, present tense, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: prati

Root: gṛdh (class 4)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'therefore'.

श्रोत्रम् (śrotram) - ear, sense of hearing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śrotra

śrotra - ear, organ of hearing

Note: Governed by 'prati'.

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, regarding

(indeclinable)

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

प्रतिमोक्ष्यामि (pratimokṣyāmi) - I will release, I will hurl

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pratimukṣ

future tense form

From root muc (class 6) with prefix prati, future tense, 1st person singular.

Prefix: prati

Root: muc (class 6)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

शितान् (śitān) - sharpened, whetted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharpened, keen

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle derived from the root śo (to sharpen, to whet).

Root: śo