महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-30, verse-12

अलर्क उवाच ।
इयं स्वादून्रसान्भुक्त्वा तानेव प्रतिगृध्यति ।
तस्माज्जिह्वां प्रति शरान्प्रतिमोक्ष्याम्यहं शितान् ॥१२॥

12. alarka uvāca ,
iyaṁ svādūnrasānbhuktvā tāneva pratigṛdhyati ,
tasmājjihvāṁ prati śarānpratimokṣyāmyahaṁ śitān.

12. alarka uvāca | iyam svādūn rasān bhuktvā tān eva pratigṛdhyati
| tasmāt jihvām prati śarān pratimokṣyāmi aham śitān

12. Alarka said: 'This (tongue), having once enjoyed sweet tastes, then greedily craves those very same ones again. Therefore, I will release sharpened arrows towards the tongue.'

Words meanings summery:

• अलर्क (alarka) - Alarka

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इयम् (iyam) - this

• स्वादून् (svādūn) - sweet, delicious

• रसान् (rasān) - tastes, flavors, juices

• भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten, having enjoyed

• तान् (tān) - those

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• प्रतिगृध्यति (pratigṛdhyati) - she greedily desires, covets

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• जिह्वाम् (jihvām) - tongue

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• प्रतिमोक्ष्यामि (pratimokṣyāmi) - I will release, will discharge

• अहम् (aham) - I

• शितान् (śitān) - sharpened, whetted

Words meanings and morphology

अलर्क (alarka) - Alarka

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alarka

alarka - Alarka (a king's name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of vac

Perfect

3rd person singular perfect active

Root: vac (class 2)

इयम् (iyam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

स्वादून् (svādūn) - sweet, delicious

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of svādu

svādu - sweet, delicious

रसान् (rasān) - tastes, flavors, juices

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rasa

rasa - taste, flavor, juice, essence

भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten, having enjoyed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

derived from bhuj with -tvā suffix

Root: bhuj (class 7)

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

प्रतिगृध्यति (pratigṛdhyati) - she greedily desires, covets

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of gṛdh

Present

3rd person singular present indicative active

Prefix: prati

Root: gṛdh (class 4)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

ablative singular of tad, used as an indeclinable

जिह्वाम् (jihvām) - tongue

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jihvā

jihvā - tongue

प्रति (prati) - towards, against

(indeclinable)

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

प्रतिमोक्ष्यामि (pratimokṣyāmi) - I will release, will discharge

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, simple future (lṛṭ) of muc

Future

1st person singular simple future active

Prefix: prati

Root: muc (class 6)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

शितान् (śitān) - sharpened, whetted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharpened, whetted

Past Passive Participle

derived from root śo/śā (to sharpen)

Root: śā