महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-30, verse-21

अलर्क उवाच ।
दृष्ट्वा वै विविधान्भावांस्तानेव प्रतिगृध्यति ।
तस्माच्चक्षुः प्रति शरान्प्रतिमोक्ष्याम्यहं शितान् ॥२१॥

21. alarka uvāca ,
dṛṣṭvā vai vividhānbhāvāṁstāneva pratigṛdhyati ,
tasmāccakṣuḥ prati śarānpratimokṣyāmyahaṁ śitān.

21. alarka uvāca | dṛṣṭvā vai vividhān bhāvān tān eva pratigṛdhyati
| tasmāt cakṣuḥ prati śarān pratimokṣyāmi aham śitān

21. alarka uvāca dṛṣṭvā vai vividhān bhāvān tān eva pratigṛdhyati
tasmāt aham śitān śarān cakṣuḥ prati pratimokṣyāmi

21. Alarka said: "Indeed, having seen various forms, one becomes attached to them alone. Therefore, I will release sharpened arrows towards the eye."

Words meanings summery:

• अलर्क (alarka) - Alarka (a king's name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly

• विविधान् (vividhān) - various, manifold, diverse

• भावान् (bhāvān) - visible objects or phenomena (forms, states, existences, objects)

• तान् (tān) - those, them

• एव (eva) - only, alone, indeed

• प्रतिगृध्यति (pratigṛdhyati) - becomes attached to, desires, craves

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - eye, sense of sight

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against, regarding

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• प्रतिमोक्ष्यामि (pratimokṣyāmi) - I will release, I will hurl

• अहम् (aham) - I

• शितान् (śitān) - sharpened, whetted

Words meanings and morphology

अलर्क (alarka) - Alarka (a king's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alarka

alarka - a proper name, Alarka

Note: The visible form 'alarka' without visarga is used as in the source text.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense form

From root vac (class 2), perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Indeclinable participle formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly

(indeclinable)

विविधान् (vividhān) - various, manifold, diverse

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

Note: Agrees with 'bhāvān'.

भावान् (bhāvān) - visible objects or phenomena (forms, states, existences, objects)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhāva

bhāva - being, existence, state, form, nature, object

तान् (tān) - those, them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to 'vividhān bhāvān'.

एव (eva) - only, alone, indeed

(indeclinable)

प्रतिगृध्यति (pratigṛdhyati) - becomes attached to, desires, craves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of pratigṛdh

present tense form

From root gṛdh (class 4) with prefix prati, present tense, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: prati

Root: gṛdh (class 4)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'therefore'.

चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - eye, sense of sight

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cakṣus

cakṣus - eye, organ of sight

Note: Stem is 'cakṣus'. Governed by 'prati'.

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, regarding

(indeclinable)

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

प्रतिमोक्ष्यामि (pratimokṣyāmi) - I will release, I will hurl

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pratimukṣ

future tense form

From root muc (class 6) with prefix prati, future tense, 1st person singular.

Prefix: prati

Root: muc (class 6)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

शितान् (śitān) - sharpened, whetted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharpened, keen

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle derived from the root śo (to sharpen, to whet).

Root: śo

Note: Agrees with 'śarān'.