महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-7, verse-4

यस्यां यस्यामवस्थायां यत्करोति शुभाशुभम् ।
तस्यां तस्यामवस्थायां भुङ्क्ते जन्मनि जन्मनि ॥४॥

4. yasyāṁ yasyāmavasthāyāṁ yatkaroti śubhāśubham ,
tasyāṁ tasyāmavasthāyāṁ bhuṅkte janmani janmani.

4. yasyām yasyām avasthāyām yat karoti śubha aśubham
tasyām tasyām avasthāyām bhuṅkte janmani janmani

4. In whatever state a person performs good or bad deeds, in that very same state he experiences (the results) birth after birth.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्याम् (yasyām) - in whatever (repeated for emphasis) (in which)

• यस्याम् (yasyām) - in whatever (repeated for emphasis) (in which)

• अवस्थायाम् (avasthāyām) - in whatever state or condition (in the state, in the condition)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (action or deed) (which, whatever)

• करोति (karoti) - does, performs

• शुभ (śubha) - good (referring to deeds) (auspicious, good)

• अशुभम् (aśubham) - bad (referring to deeds) (inauspicious, bad)

• तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that very same (repeated for emphasis) (in that)

• तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that very same (repeated for emphasis) (in that)

• अवस्थायाम् (avasthāyām) - in that very state or condition (in the state, in the condition)

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - experiences (the fruit of actions) (experiences, enjoys, suffers)

• जन्मनि (janmani) - in every birth (repeated for emphasis) (in birth, in existence)

• जन्मनि (janmani) - in every birth (repeated for emphasis) (in birth, in existence)

Words meanings and morphology

यस्याम् (yasyām) - in whatever (repeated for emphasis) (in which)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Repeated for distributive or indefinite sense ("whatever").

यस्याम् (yasyām) - in whatever (repeated for emphasis) (in which)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Repeated for distributive or indefinite sense ("whatever").

अवस्थायाम् (avasthāyām) - in whatever state or condition (in the state, in the condition)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of avasthā

avasthā - state, condition, situation

action noun

From root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

यत् (yat) - whatever (action or deed) (which, whatever)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Object of 'karoti'.

करोति (karoti) - does, performs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of kṛ

Present Active

Root 'kṛ' (8th conjugation), present tense, 3rd person singular active voice.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शुभ (śubha) - good (referring to deeds) (auspicious, good)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful

Note: First part of the compound śubhāśubham.

अशुभम् (aśubham) - bad (referring to deeds) (inauspicious, bad)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśubha

aśubha - inauspicious, bad, evil

Compound 'a' (negation) + 'śubha'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+śubha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• śubha – auspicious, good
  adjective (neuter)

Note: This is 'śubha aśubham' in sandhi, forming a dvandva compound or just two adjectives for 'yat'. Here it's a compound 'śubhāśubham' meaning 'good and bad things'.

तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that very same (repeated for emphasis) (in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Repeated for distributive or emphatic sense ("that very").

तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that very same (repeated for emphasis) (in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Repeated for distributive or emphatic sense ("that very").

अवस्थायाम् (avasthāyām) - in that very state or condition (in the state, in the condition)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of avasthā

avasthā - state, condition, situation

action noun

From root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - experiences (the fruit of actions) (experiences, enjoys, suffers)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of bhuj

Present Middle

Root 'bhuj' (7th conjugation), present tense, 3rd person singular middle voice.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

जन्मनि (janmani) - in every birth (repeated for emphasis) (in birth, in existence)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, existence, life

action noun

From root 'jan' (to be born) with suffix 'man'.

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Repeated for distributive or emphatic sense ("birth after birth", "in every birth").

जन्मनि (janmani) - in every birth (repeated for emphasis) (in birth, in existence)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, existence, life

action noun

From root 'jan' (to be born) with suffix 'man'.

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Repeated for distributive or emphatic sense ("birth after birth", "in every birth").