महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-7, verse-11

अवाक्शिरास्तु यो लम्बेदुदवासं च यो वसेत् ।
सततं चैकशायी यः स लभेतेप्सितां गतिम् ॥११॥

11. avākśirāstu yo lambedudavāsaṁ ca yo vaset ,
satataṁ caikaśāyī yaḥ sa labhetepsitāṁ gatim.

11. avākśirāḥ tu yaḥ lambet udavāsam ca yaḥ vaset
satatam ca ekaśāyī yaḥ saḥ labheta īpsitām gatim

11. tu yaḥ avākśirāḥ lambet,
ca yaḥ udavāsam vaset,
ca yaḥ satatam ekaśāyī,
saḥ īpsitām gatim labheta

11. Indeed, whoever would hang with head downwards, and whoever would dwell in water, and whoever constantly sleeps alone, he would attain the desired state.

Words meanings summery:

• अवाक्शिराः (avākśirāḥ) - head downwards, inverted

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• लम्बेत् (lambet) - would hang, would suspend oneself

• उदवासम् (udavāsam) - dwelling in water, staying in water

• च (ca) - and

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• वसेत् (vaset) - would dwell, would reside

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly, perpetually, always

• च (ca) - and

• एकशायी (ekaśāyī) - one who sleeps alone, one who sleeps on a single bed (or on the ground)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• लभेत (labheta) - would obtain, would attain

• ईप्सिताम् (īpsitām) - desired, wished for, longed for

• गतिम् (gatim) - state, destination, path, course

Words meanings and morphology

अवाक्शिराः (avākśirāḥ) - head downwards, inverted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avākśiras

avākśiras - head downwards, inverted

Compound type : bahuvrihi (avāñc+śiras)

• avāñc – downwards, turned downwards
  adjective
  from ava-añc
  Prefix: ava
  Root: añc (class 1)
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)

Note: Visarga is restored from the sandhi avākśirāstu.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

लम्बेत् (lambet) - would hang, would suspend oneself

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of lamb

optative active

3rd person singular

Root: lamb (class 1)

Note: From root 'lamb' (to hang, drop).

उदवासम् (udavāsam) - dwelling in water, staying in water

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udavāsa

udavāsa - dwelling in water, staying in water

Compound type : tatpurusha (uda+vāsa)

• uda – water
  noun (neuter)
• vāsa – dwelling, residence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: From 'uda' (water) and 'vāsa' (dwelling).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

वसेत् (vaset) - would dwell, would reside

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vas

optative active

3rd person singular

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: From root 'vas' (to dwell).

सततम् (satatam) - constantly, perpetually, always

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial accusative.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एकशायी (ekaśāyī) - one who sleeps alone, one who sleeps on a single bed (or on the ground)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekaśāyin

ekaśāyin - sleeping alone, sleeping on a single mat/bed

from eka + śāyin (agent noun from śī 'to sleep')

Compound type : tatpurusha (eka+śāyin)

• eka – one, single, alone
  numeral
• śāyin – sleeping, lying, reposing
  adjective
  agent noun (participle)
  from root śī + ṇini/in
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Form with -in suffix.

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, she, it, that

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

लभेत (labheta) - would obtain, would attain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of labh

optative middle

3rd person singular

Root: labh (class 1)

ईप्सिताम् (īpsitām) - desired, wished for, longed for

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of īpsita

īpsita - desired, wished for, longed for

Past Passive Participle

from root āp + desid. suffix (īps-)

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Feminine form of the past passive participle of the desiderative stem of āp.

गतिम् (gatim) - state, destination, path, course

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - motion, going, course, path, state, condition, destination

from root gam

Root: gam (class 1)