महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-43, verse-9

अहोरात्रं विजानाति ऋतवश्चापि नित्यशः ।
पुरुषे पापकं कर्म शुभं वा शुभकर्मणः ॥९॥

9. ahorātraṁ vijānāti ṛtavaścāpi nityaśaḥ ,
puruṣe pāpakaṁ karma śubhaṁ vā śubhakarmaṇaḥ.

9. ahorātram vijānāti ṛtavaḥ ca api nityaśaḥ
puruṣe pāpakam karma śubham vā śubhakarmaṇaḥ

9. ahorātram ca ṛtavaḥ api nityaśaḥ puruṣe
śubhakarmaṇaḥ pāpakam karma vā śubham vijānāti

9. Throughout day and night, and also the seasons, constantly perceive the sinful or good deed (karma) of a person (puruṣa), even of one who is a performer of good deeds (śubhakarmaṇ).

Words meanings summery:

• अहोरात्रम् (ahorātram) - throughout day and night (day and night)

• विजानाति (vijānāti) - perceive (knows, understands, perceives)

• ऋतवः (ṛtavaḥ) - seasons

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also (also, even)

• नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - constantly (constantly, always, perpetually)

• पुरुषे (puruṣe) - of a person (in a man, in a person)

• पापकम् (pāpakam) - sinful (sinful, wicked)

• कर्म (karma) - deed (action, deed)

• शुभम् (śubham) - good (auspicious, good, pure)

• वा (vā) - or

• शुभकर्मणः (śubhakarmaṇaḥ) - of one who is a performer of good deeds (of a good-doer, of a performer of good deeds)

Words meanings and morphology

अहोरात्रम् (ahorātram) - throughout day and night (day and night)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ahorātra

ahorātra - day and night

Compound of ahan (day) and rātri (night).

Compound type : dvandva (ahan+rātri)

• ahan – day
  noun (neuter)
• rātri – night
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adverbial use, denoting duration.

विजानाति (vijānāti) - perceive (knows, understands, perceives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vi-jñā

Present tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.

From root jñā (to know) with upasarga vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

ऋतवः (ṛtavaḥ) - seasons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛtu

ṛtu - season, fixed time, period

Note: Subject of 'vijānāti'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also (also, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - constantly (constantly, always, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

From 'nitya' (eternal, constant) + 'śaḥ' suffix, forming an adverb.

पुरुषे (puruṣe) - of a person (in a man, in a person)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, soul, spirit, male

Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Implies 'with respect to a person' or 'regarding a person'.

पापकम् (pāpakam) - sinful (sinful, wicked)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpaka

pāpaka - sinful, wicked, causing sin

From 'pāpa' (sin) + 'ka' suffix.

कर्म (karma) - deed (action, deed)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, effect, religious act

From root kṛ (to do) + man pratyaya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'vijānāti'.

शुभम् (śubham) - good (auspicious, good, pure)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, pure

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implied 'karma'.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

शुभकर्मणः (śubhakarmaṇaḥ) - of one who is a performer of good deeds (of a good-doer, of a performer of good deeds)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śubhakarmaṇ

śubhakarmaṇ - a doer of good actions, virtuous person

Compound of 'śubha' (good) and 'karmaṇ' (action).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śubha+karmaṇ)

• śubha – good, auspicious
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: śubh (class 1)
• karmaṇ – action, deed, work
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root kṛ (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Possessive, referring to the doer of the deeds.