महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-43, verse-13

यदि त्वहं त्वा दुर्वृत्तमद्राक्षं द्विजसत्तम ।
शपेयं त्वामहं क्रोधान्न मेऽत्रास्ति विचारणा ॥१३॥

13. yadi tvahaṁ tvā durvṛttamadrākṣaṁ dvijasattama ,
śapeyaṁ tvāmahaṁ krodhānna me'trāsti vicāraṇā.

13. yadi tu aham tvā durvṛttam adrākṣam dvijasattama
śapeyam tvām aham krodhāt na me atra asti vicāraṇā

13. But if I had seen you misbehaving, O best of Brahmins, I would have cursed you out of anger; there would be no reconsideration for me in this matter.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• अहम् (aham) - I

• त्वा (tvā) - you

• दुर्वृत्तम् (durvṛttam) - ill-behaved, wicked (masculine accusative)

• अद्राक्षम् (adrākṣam) - I had seen

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of Brahmins

• शपेयम् (śapeyam) - I would curse

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• अहम् (aham) - I

• क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger, out of anger

• न (na) - not

• मे (me) - my, to me, for me

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• विचारणा (vicāraṇā) - consideration, deliberation, reflection

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, in case

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Adds emphasis or contrast.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of 'adrākṣam' and 'śapeyam'.

त्वा (tvā) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Object of 'adrākṣam'.

दुर्वृत्तम् (durvṛttam) - ill-behaved, wicked (masculine accusative)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durvṛtta

durvṛtta - ill-behaved, wicked, immoral

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛt (to be, to exist, to behave) with prefix dur-

Prefix: dur

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tvā'.

अद्राक्षम् (adrākṣam) - I had seen

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of dṛś

Aorist Mood, Parasmaipada

1st person singular aorist active

Root: dṛś (class 1)

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of Brahmins

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born (Brahmins)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born, Brahmin
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama

Note: Addressee.

शपेयम् (śapeyam) - I would curse

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of śap

Optative Mood, Parasmaipada

1st person singular optative active

Root: śap (class 1)

Note: Consequence of the conditional 'yadi'.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Object of 'śapeyam'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of 'śapeyam'.

क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger, out of anger

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the cause of cursing.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the existence of 'vicāraṇā'.

मे (me) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Possessive ('my consideration') or dative ('for me there is no consideration').

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the current situation.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Indicative Mood, Parasmaipada

3rd person singular present active

Root: as (class 2)

Note: The verb for 'vicāraṇā'.

विचारणा (vicāraṇā) - consideration, deliberation, reflection

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vicāraṇā

vicāraṇā - consideration, deliberation, investigation

From root car (to move) with prefix vi-ā- and suffix -ana

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'asti'.